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Learning Intentions

Learning Intentions. State that alcohol and methane are products of fermentation Explain the advantages of deriving fuel through fermentation rather than from fossil sources. Methane.

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Learning Intentions

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  1. Learning Intentions • State that alcohol and methane are products of fermentation • Explain the advantages of deriving fuel through fermentation rather than from fossil sources

  2. Methane Methane (biogas) production occurs naturally by fermentation (anaerobic respiration) when animal or plant material decays. Biogas production uses many different micro-organisms and can be: Large scale- sewage, fresh manure Small scale- household waste

  3. Biogas Generator

  4. Fuel from Sugar • Brazil does not have rich supplies of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas). • Brazil is a very large country with lots of land and a good climate for growing crops. Sugar cane is grown on a large scale in Brazil. • Instead of running cars with petrol, alcohol is mixed with petrol to make gasohol which is used instead.

  5. Complete p 14&15 Advantages of Biofuels Non-renewable – will run out

  6. Learning Intentions • State that under suitable conditions, micro-organisms can reproduce very rapidly by asexual means.

  7. Complete p16 Bacterial Growth The reason the process of converting waste into protein is so efficient is that under suitable conditions, micro-organisms can reproduce very rapidly by asexual means - no sex cells are involved) Bacteria cells reproduce by dividing into two. • Requirements: • Food • Moisture • Warmth • Unlimited growth not possible in nature because growth is usually limited by a factor eg shortage of food

  8. Learning Intentions • Describe the part played by bacteria in the process of decay and recycling of carbon and nitrogen.

  9. Decay Many bacteria and fungi act as decomposers by digesting dead organisms and other organic substances such asfaeces and rotting vegetation

  10. Saprophytes An organism that gains its food from dead or decaying organic matter is called a saprophyte. It releases enzymes into the matter to break it down before absorbing the products into its body. Many bacteria and fungi are saprophytes. They digest waste material and eventually release it back into the soil.

  11. Carbon Cycle Complete p19 The carbon from dead or waste materials is made into carbon dioxide which plants need for photosynthesis

  12. Nitrogen Cycle NITRIFICATION Nitrifying bacteria Ammonium Compounds Dead plants, animals, urine & faeces Nitrites decomposers NITRIFICATION animals eat plants Nitrifying bacteria Plants make protein Plants absorb nitrates through their roots Nitrates NITROGEN FIXATION Nitrogen fixing bacteria in soil and root nodules DENITRIFICATION Nitrogen gas in air Denitrfying bacteria in soil

  13. Nitrogen Cycle Complete p20 • Decomposers • Nitrification • Denitrification • Nitrogen Fixation Leguminous plants have nitrogen fixing bacteria in their root nodules

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