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Understanding Moles and Molar Volume of Gases at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

This text explores key concepts regarding moles, particularly focusing on the weight of a mole of boron and the number of boron atoms contained within a mole. It also delves into the concept of molar volume, emphasizing that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain an equal number of particles. At standard temperature and pressure (STP: 0ºC and 101.3 kPa), one mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters. This knowledge is crucial for conversions and stoichiometry, allowing calculations for gas volumes in various reactions.

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Understanding Moles and Molar Volume of Gases at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

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  1. How much does a mole of boron weigh? • How many atoms of boron are in a mole? Drill – 3/24/11

  2. Molar Volume

  3. Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of particles. • No matter what the size of the gas particle, large empty space exists between individual particles of gas.

  4. Because temperature and pressure affect the volume of a gas (↑T = ↑ V ↑P =↓V) we use a standard temperature and pressure (STP) to measure volume. • STP T is 0ºC or 273K P is 101.3kPa or 1 atm

  5. At STP, 1 mol or 6.022x1023 particles of any gas will occupy a volume of 22.4L. • 22.4L = Molar Volume • Know this number!!

  6. Molar Volume is used in conversions and stoichiometry. 22.4 L Volume of gas = moles of gas X 1 mole

  7. Example: • 0.375 mole of O2 will have what volume at STP? 22.4 L O2 = 8.40 L of O2 0.375 mol O2 X 1 mol O2

  8. 30 mL of hydrogen are produced from the decomposition of water. What volume of oxygen is formed?

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