1 / 24

SMB and NFS Protocol Architecture and Administration

SMB and NFS Protocol Architecture and Administration Rob Bradbury, Sales Engineer September 26, 2000. SMB and NFS Protocol Architecture and Administration. Agenda. Introduction to SMB and NFS Comparison of SMB and NFS SMB - Under the Hood ClearCase in a Mixed Environment

caia
Télécharger la présentation

SMB and NFS Protocol Architecture and Administration

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SMB and NFS Protocol Architecture and AdministrationRob Bradbury, Sales EngineerSeptember 26, 2000 SMB and NFS Protocol Architecture and Administration Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment

  2. The Interoperability Challenge Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Enterprises contain heterogeneous systems that use different protocols for remote file system access. Windows Server Message Block (SMB) Common Internet File System (CIFS) Unix Systems Network File System (NFS) Macintosh AppleTalk Filing Protocol (AFP) NetWare NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) Today we’ll focus on Unix and Windows Interop

  3. Origin of NFS and SMB Protocols NFS • Developed by Sun in the early 1980’s • Licensed free to the industry in 1984 • Quickly became de facto for UNIX file sharing SMB • Developed in early 1980’s by Microsoft, IBM, Intel, and others • Early specifications published by X/Open, Microsoft and Intel • Became standard for PC networking Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Incompatibility created the need for interoperability solutions

  4. Common Windows/UNIX Interoperability Solutions Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • SMB (CIFS) servers running on Unix - Syntax TotalNET Advanced Server, Samba • NFS client software installed on PC systems - Hummingbird NFS Maestro, Intergraph DiskAccess, MS Windows Services for Unix NFS Client, and many more • Multi-protocol network attached storage (NAS) - MetaStor, EMC, Network Appliance, Auspex

  5. TCP TCP TCP TCP UDP UDP UDP UDP IP IP IP IP NetBEUI SMB NetBIOS SMB NetBIOS NetBEUI SMB Solution Agenda Standard with OS SMB software • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Interfaces Ethernet, FDDI, ATM, Token Ring Unix Server SMB Client for Microsoft Networks (redirector) PC System Unix Server

  6. NFS TCP TCP UDP UDP IP IP NFS TCP UDP IP PC-NFS Solution Standard with OS PC-NFS Software Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Interfaces Ethernet, FDDI, ATM, Token Ring Unix Server NFS Server Process NFS PC-NFS Client Client for Microsoft Networks (redirector) Client for Microsoft Networks (redirector) PC System PC System

  7. NFS TCP TCP UDP UDP IP IP Network Attached Storage Solution Standard with OS NAS Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Interfaces Ethernet, FDDI, ATM, Token Ring Unix Server NFS Client NFS NFS Server SMB Client for Microsoft Networks (redirector) SMB Server PC System

  8. Comparison of SMB & NFS Administration Agenda SMB • Server centric • Uses server resources • More transparent to users/PC applications • PCs can only access SMB servers NFS • Client installation • Uses PC resources • More transparent to Unix system administrators • PCs can access NFS & SMB servers • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment

  9. SMB & NFS Protocol Differences Agenda NFS • Stateless protocol • Synchronous writes • Authentication external to protocol • Network Lock Manager SMB • Stateful protocol • Asynchronous writes • Authentication mechanism built-in to protocol • Locking built-in - native PC locking • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment

  10. NetBIOS Protocol Agenda Establishing a NetBIOS session is the first step to making an SMB connection. • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) • Protocol that establishes names and maintains sessions • Specified in RFCs 1001/1002 • Uses well know ports 137, 138, 139 • NetBIOS name resolution methods • WINS server • lmhosts file • subnet broadcasts • DNS

  11. SMB Protocol Details Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • SMBnegprot (Negotiate) • always the first SMB packet • Negotiates SMB dialect (NT LM 0.12 is latest) • Server returns security level • SMBsessetup (Session Setup) • user is authenticated • SMBtcon (Tree Connect) • Connect to a device - file service, print spooler, IPC • SMBopen, SMBread, SMBwrite,…

  12. SMB Authentication Options Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • User mode authentication • local authentication • encrypted • clear text • proxy authentication • user/password is forwarded to 3rd party system (generally NT PDC) • Share mode • users connect with a common password

  13. Authentication Response from B to A Authentication Response Proxy Authentication Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment NT Authentication Server Domain B No user found Domain A---- User logon passed to trusted Domain B for validation TRUSTED & TRUSTING SMB server sends Username and password to Authentication Server NT Authentication Server Domain A Authentication Request SMB Server Authentication Response SMB server forwards response to the client Client Connection Request Client (SMB/CIFS)

  14. ClearCase in a Mixed Environment Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Rational’s recommendations for when to use ClearCase in a mixed environment. • Windows and Unix developers work on the same source code • A group of developers maintains code base for Unix and Windows • Windows developers work primarily on separate source code but keep VOB on Unix for administrative purposes

  15. ClearCase Capabilities in a Mixed Environment Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • Makes Unix VOB/View Server available to your NT users • Allows Unix and NT users to access the same VOBs • Allows Unix and NT users to access the same Views • Provides a secure and reliable repository for the common source code

  16. Interoperability Solutions for ClearCase Agenda • Rational certified solutions for ClearCase Interop • SMB servers • Syntax TotalNET Advanced Server • PC-NFS • Intergraph DiskAccess • Hummingbird NFS Maestro • Microsoft Windows NT Services for UNIX Client for NFS Products (SFU) • Network Attached Storage • Not supported in an interop environment • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment

  17. Unix Workstation NT Example Solution using TAS Agenda Install TAS on every VOB/View Server • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment TAS Server(ClearCase View Server) TAS Server(VOB Server) (VOB) View project bin src Meta Data Version Tree foo.c bar.c NT ClearCase users can access Unix VOB and View Servers using their native NT environment. ClearCase

  18. Role of TAS in a ClearCase Environment Agenda TAS allows NT clients to access Unix VOB and View storage directories • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • Do this using TAS volumes • TAS volume - short name for a directory path in the Unix file system • Example: • TAS volume “vobstore” refers to the VOB storage directory - /export/vobstore • Clients access using UNC path name • \\<servername>\vobstore\vob.vbs

  19. Configuring TAS Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Volume Configuration • Provide path to VOB/View storage directories • Example: • /ccstore/vobstore, /ccstore/viewstore • Set umask to 002 • Set Filename Case to Preserve • Disable oplocks • Oplocks (opportunistic locks) are an SMB protocol performance enhancement. A client holding an exclusive oplock on a given file can read or write to a local cache instead of having to commit all changes to the server through the network.

  20. Configuring TAS Cont. Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment Username map • Map ClearCase service account to appropriate UNIX user NT, clearcase_albd UNIX, vobadmin Authentication • Configure TAS to use NT PDC as proxy • minimizes maintenance • Can also use local authentication • Must add users to TAS password file

  21. Configuring a ClearCase Client Agenda • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • MVFS performance settings • Set Maximum number of mnodes to keep on the free list and and Maximum number of mnodes to keep for cleartext free list to 800. Step-by-step TAS instructions for use with ClearCase available at: http://clearcase.rational.com/literature/TAS.html

  22. ClearCase Region Synchronizer Agenda Makes Unix VOBs/Views accessible to Windows • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment • Use the UNC path and not the NFS path! The region synchronizer automatically shows the NFS path found in the registry. This path has to be changed! Change the path from: \\fileservice\export\vobstore\john_maestro_test.vbs to: \\fileservice\vobstore\john_maestro_test.vbs

  23. Implementation Issues Agenda • Watch for conflicts between PC-NFS and SMB redirectors • check network access order • UNIX and NT usernames and primary group must match • check with credmap utility • Set VOB/View permissions correctly • Synchronize paths for VOBs/Views using UNC names • Introduction to SMB and NFS • Comparison of SMB and NFS • SMB - Under the Hood • ClearCase in a Mixed Environment • TAS in a ClearCase Environment

  24. Questions?

More Related