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Unlocking Perception: Top-Down Processes and Context Effects

Explore the impact of top-down processes on perception with examples from stimulus interpretation and context effects. Learn about perceptual set, change blindness, word superiority effect, direct perception vs. constructivist approach, visual agnosia, and prosopagnosia. Discover the subtleties of subliminal perception and how stimuli influence behavior in fascinating ways.

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Unlocking Perception: Top-Down Processes and Context Effects

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  1. Perception 2

  2. Top-Down Processes Figure 2-19An example of context effects in perception.

  3. Perceptual SetContext Effects • The same physical stimulus can be interpreted differently depending on perceptual set, e.g., context effects. • When is the middle character the letter B and when is it the number 13?

  4. Top-Down Processes • Perceptual Learning

  5. Top-Down Processes • Change Blindness http://viscog.beckman.uiuc.edu/grafs/demos/10.html

  6. Top-Down Processes • Word Superiority Effect K K D WORK OWRK

  7. Flying Animal Bottom-Up and Top-Down Processing working together _at Word Perception • Connectionist Model Words Bat Letters B Fox Bat Fat Features (lines) I Rat Cat

  8. Figure 2-24 (p. 73)Example of stimuli used in the PET scan study of processing words. See text for explanation. Word Perception • Neuropsychological Perspective

  9. Direct Perception vs. Constructivist Approach • Biological motion • http://www.psico.univ.trieste.it/labs/acn-lab/eng_p/e051c1m1_curr.html

  10. Optic flow

  11. Direct Perception • Affordances: • Information from the stimulus that specifies how it can be used

  12. (Dorsal) (Ventral)

  13. Visual Agnosia http://scien.stanford.edu/class/psych221/projects/06/cukur/intro_files/image021.jpg

  14. Visual Agnosia • Associative Visual Agnosia • Can copy, but unaware what it is; cannot assign meaning to object • Difficulty in transferring visual info into words • Apperceptive Visual Agnosia • Cannot recognize by shape • Cannot copy drawings • Often involves ‘prosopagnosia’ http://scien.stanford.edu/class/psych221/projects/06/cukur/intro_files/image021.jpg

  15. Agnosia

  16. Identification of Faces and Members of CategoriesProsopagnosia The Fusiform Face Area: http://www.psy.vanderbilt.edu/faculty/gauthier/picts/mona_lisa.jpg

  17. Thatcher illusion http://www.face-rec.org/interesting-papers/Other/SchCarLed2003.pdf

  18. Subliminal Perception • Can subliminal messages change our behaviors?

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