Marine Aquaculture

1. Marine Aquaculture PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES 01 JULY 2009

2. Human Settlement

3. Enforcement Partners (SAPS, SARS, SANPARKS) Monitoring Control & Surveillance Industry Stakeholders Marine Resource Management Integrated Coastal Management & Development Stakeholders (public, NGOs) Research Business Process Universities, Research Councils

4. BACKGROUND • Definition: “Culture of marine aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and plants either in cages within the shallow waters of the ocean or structures on land fed by sea-water” • It is the intimate association with the coastal region that creates the uniqueness in these ventures • Aquaculture contributes 50% of fish production worldwide • SA production relatively low • However, the abalone sector-10% growth vs global 9%(10tons-1996, 1000 tons-2008)

5. Restructuring of Gov. May 2009 • DEAT functions transferred to 3 new depts • Tourism • DWE • DAFF • Most function of MCM are controlled by the Marine Living Resources Act and the Integrated Coastal Management Act • Marine aquaculture function has been transferred to DAFF • Rest of the functions have been transferred to DWE • President signed proclamation on 26 June 2009

6. Proclamations

7. Proclamation ……

8. Aquaculture Production data – SA (Marine & Freshwater)

9. AQUACULTUE OPERATONS DISTRIBUTION Alexander Bay Port Nolloth Kleinzee Durban SOUTH AFRICA SaldanhaBay East London Knysna Port Elizabeth Cape Town Danger Point Abalone Oyster Mussel Prawn 2008: APPROX 60 AQUACULTURE RIGHT HOLDERS

10. Abalone Farms - Hermanus

11. Sea-based cage farm in PE

12. Oyster Farm - Saldanha

13. CONSTRAINTS • A high energy coastline with limited sheltered bays • Most protected bays are utilised as commercial harbours • No technology to construct cages that can withstand the strong currents and high wave action • Costs of farming on land much higher than at sea – electricity, infrastructure and technology • High value (non-availability) attached to coastal real estate • Land adjacent to the sea is in demand hence high price to acquire it • Limited access to finance and developmental capital • Banks are reluctant to fund a relatively new industry with unknown returns on investment and risks • Lack of infrastructure • Hatcheries, R&D facilities, roads, harbours, telecommunication, electricity etc • Eg Qholora, Sokhulu • Limited human resource capacity, skills and expertise • Most skilled personnel are employed by the private sector particularly the big companies eg no qualified vet that specialise in fish diseases, 2 take interest • Lack of aquaculture policy • The was no policy in place to address the constants prior to 2007 • Marine aquaculture development policy was gazetted in September 2007

14. ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL AQUACULTURE MODELS • Countries • Australia • Chile • China • Ireland • Norway • Vietnam

15. ANALYSIS INTERNATIONALOF AQUACULTURE MODELS • Analysis of practice in successful countries shows the following:●Policy and legislation is in place● Coordinated government support● Comprehensive research and development programmes● Training and capacity building initiatives

16. ANALYSISINTERNATIONAL OF AQUACULTURE MODELS • Observations:● Emphasis on high value products for export – Chile & Norway● Emphasis on low value products for local consumption – Vietnam● Emphasis on diversity of products for local and export – China● Job creation high in Chile, Vietnam and China● Highly mechanized and less jobs – Norway, Ireland & Australia● Attended aquaculture committee meeting of COFI – 2008 ● About 120 practitioners & officials ● Requested to consider hosting meeting in 2012

17. CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA • Interventions to stimulate growth include:● Policy approved by MinMec in September 2007● Strategy finalised in November 2008● Marine Aquaculture Advisory Forum Established - 2008 DST, DTI, DLA, DOA, DWAF, Provinces, NHTL, NPA & SALGA.● Implementation plan finalised in January 2009

18. CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA… • 4 Steering Committees established 2009 • Research and Development – DST • Animal Health and Welfare – Agric vet Div • Business Support and Trade – DTI • Product quality and safety - DoH & SABS Research institutions and industry represented

19. Research and Development Focus areas: • Reproduction • Nutrition & feeds • Production systems • Breeding & genetics • Aquaculture & environment • Marketing • Quality and safety • Feasibility studies See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32

20. Animal Health and Welfare Focus areas: • Policy, legislation & enforcement • Services & facilities • Human resources & capacity development • Science based tools to support aquatic animal health See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32

21. Business Support and Trade Priority interventions • National Industrial Strategy Framework • Access to development finance eg IDC, Land Bank • Access to sites – sea & land based • Access to incentives • Extension services See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32

22. Product Quality and Safety Focus areas • Inspection & sampling • Microbiology & biotoxin labs (only, & vulnerable) • Toxins < limit human safety & therefore trade • Monitoring biotoxin-producing phytoplankton See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32

23. CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA… • Potential aquaculture development zones identified • These will be for exclusive aquaculture use Areas • KZN – 1 site • EC – 2 sites • WC – 2 sites • NC – 1 site

24. CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA… Criteria for zone identification include: • Environmental considerations • Operational considerations and infrastructure • Technology considerations • Socio-economic considerations • Spatial distribution and public land Next steps • Monitor environmental parameters (physical, chemical & biological) - 1 to 2 years • Undertake Strategic Environmental Assessments • Declare zones – NEMA 24c & ICM Act • Lay out of infrastructure

25. CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA… Capacity development • Students in postgraduate training • Norway X3 – Aquatic medicine & Biology • SA X2 – Biology • Norway & SA X4 – 2009 if accepted • Strategic partnership projects • EC – East London • KZN - Umgababa

26. CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA… Staff complement • Management (21/708) * Aquaculturists, biologists, legal practitioners, environmentalist, economist & contract managers • Research (17) * Researchers and technicians

27. CURRENT BUDGET • PERSAL : R5,297,708 (Management Staff) • R4,685,702 (Research Staff) • R9,983,410 • OPERATIONS & INFRASTRUCTURE: • Research facility maintenance R 600,000 • Research funding (operational costs) R 3,000,000 • Management (operational costs) R 6,300,000R 39,900,000

28. 2010 - 2011 FUTURE BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS 2010 - 2013 2011 – 2012 2012 - 2013

29. Additional budget requested for personnel 1 x Research Manager (DD) – SL 12 = R407 745 6 x Aquaculture Control Officers (SL 8) = 6 X R 209150 1 x Laboratory analyst (SL 9) = R 243 515 1 x Marine Research Technician II (SL 10) = R 295 978 2 x Marine Research Technician I (SL 8) = R 209 150 Total = R2 620 438 FUTURE BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS 2010 - 2013

30. Thank You