Life in Ancient Rome

1. Life in Ancient Rome 7th Grade Social Studies

2. First Roman Emperor Pax Romana Professional Army of Soldiers (150,000) Rebuilt Rome 50,000,000 people Who is Augustus?

3. Nero and Caligula were cruel and inhumane leaders Rome went through a time of disorder Who were the Julio-Claudian Emperors?

4. Who were the Julio-Claudian Emperors cont… • Vespasian eventually took the throne and restored order, putting down rebellions • Put down the Jewish Rebellion in Palestine • Destroyed the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem in A.D. 70. • Construction of the Colosseum

5. Pictures of the Colosseum

6. Five emperors unrelated to Augustus or Vespian came to power The empire expanded and prospered under their rule Hadrian, the third good emperor, decided the empire had grown to large, and pulled troops out of Mesopotamia The Roman Empire one of the greatest empires in history The Good Emperors

7. Rome’s people spokemany different languages but mostly Latin in the West and Greek in the East. The empire was unified through roman Law, Roman rule, and a shared identity as Romans. A Unified Empire

8. Map of the Roman Empire

9. Romans admired and studied Greek statues, buildings, and ideas They copied the Greeks in many ways The Romans changed what they borrowed to suit their needs The Romans admired Greek art and architecture They placed Greek-style statues in their homes and public buildings Roman Culture

10. Greek Look Perfect Young Healthy Beautiful Bodies Roman Looked Wrinkled Warts Less Attractive Features Distinct Differences between Greek and Roman Art

11. Pictures of Roman Art & Greek Art

12. Romans incorporated Greek ideas in their architecture, such as columns and porches. Roman ideas were arches, domes, and vaults, which are curved ceilings. Two famous buildings stand today: the Colosseum, which is a large arena, and the Pantheon, which is a temple built in honor of Rome’s Gods What is the word that means belief in many Gods? Polytheism Roman & Greek Architecture

13. Pictures of Architecture

14. The Roman writer Virgil wrote the Aneid, which tells the story of the Trojan Prince Aeneas and his followers. The poet Horace wrote satires, which are works that poke fun at human weaknesses, and odes, which express strong emotions about life. The writers Ovid and Catullus were inspired by Greek myths. Roman Literature

15. Livy, one of Rome’s most famous historians, wrote the History of Rome Livycelebrated Rome’s greatness and admired the deeds of the early Romans Many modern European languages spoken today are based on Latin, the language of Rome. Tacitus took a darker view of Rome’s behavior He believed that Rome’s emperors had taken peoples freedom He felt that Roman citizens were losing their values and wasting time on pleasures and sports Roman Literature Cont.

16. The Greek doctor Galen brought many medical ideas to Rome He emphasized the importance of anatomy Ptolemy was a famous scientist who studied and mapped the stars Engineers created and advanced road system and aqueducts that provided water Roman Science and Engineering

17. Marcus Areluis died in A.D. 180. He was the last of the good emperors. The Severans came into power and paid the army well. They ignored the growing poverty and crime. After the last Severan ruler died, the government was no longer stable. Political & Social Problems

18. Economic & Military Problems • In 50 years Rome had 22 different emperors. • Govt. officials began to take bribes. • Inflation increased • Slavery became popular • Artisans lost money • Farmers grew less food and people began to starve. • People began to barter

19. What were Diocletian’s Reviews • Germanic tribes raided Roman farms and towns, • As fighting increased, the government could no longer enlist and pay Romans as soldiers. • General Diocletian became Emperor. He introduced reforms, or political changes. • He divided the empire into 4 parts. He named officials to rule these areas but kept authority over all.

20. Who was Constantine? • Diocletian slowed inflation by setting the price of goods and workers wages. • He ordered workers to stay at their jobs until they died. • Diocletian's reforms failed. • Constantine tried to aid the economy sons had to follow their fathers trades. • The empire still declined in the west.

21. The Move of the Capital • Constantine moved the capital from Rome to a new city in the east. • He chose the site of the Greek city of Byzantium. • The city became known as Constantinople that is known as Istanbul today.

23. Rome Falls • Germanic tribes began to invade on all of the borders-Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Franks, Vandals, Angles, and Saxons. • Warmer climates and better grazing lands • Fleeing the Huns

24. Rome is Invaded • Trouble began when the Romans forced the Visigoths to buy food at higher prices. • The Romans also kidnapped and enslaved many Visigoths. • In A.D. 378 the Visigoths defeated the Roman legions at the Battle of Adrianople.

25. Rome’s Demise • After this battle Germanic tribes knew Rome was vulnerable. • In 406 A.D., the Rhine River freezes Germanic Groups enter Gaul(France) . • 410 A.D. Alaric captured the city of Rome. Rome had not been defeated in over 800 years. • 455 A.D. Vandals enter Spain

26. Odoacer • Germanic general in 476 A.D. overthrew Romulus Augustulus ( Western Empire) • Odoacer controlled Rome for 15 years • He was killed by the Visigoths • By A.D. 550 the Roman Empire officially came to an end