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How to Write a R esearch Paper. Start With the Facts. Organize Your Facts in an Outline. Introduction.
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Introduction The Nile is the world longest river at 4,135 miles! However, only 22% of the river is actually in Egypt, the Nile flows through eight other countries and acted as a connecting highway for Ancient Egyptians. The Nile is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa with the mouth of the river opening up to Mediterranean Sea which was ideal for trade routes. The river is north flowing due to the heavy rainfall in southern countries in and around Ethiopia. This rainfall contributes to the floodwaters that rush downstream, flood the Nile and create magnificently fertile soil a midst a vast desert. It is the Nile that supports many aspects of life in Ancient Egypt as well as in modern times. In about 3000BC settlements began to appear in small groups around the Nile, we now call this the Nile River Valley. The Nile also provided a means of transportation for trade which also lead to economic success. The ancient Egyptians relied on the Nile River for agriculture as well as for a form of transportation.
Proof Paragraph #1 Agricultural benefits from the Nile sustained life in ancient Egypt. Because vast amounts of Egypt are sand, the ancient Egyptians planned their farming around the flood season. Each summer the Nile would flood. Around October, when the floods would recede black silt was left behind on the banks. This was extremely fertile and ideal for farming. Eventually canals were even made to take the water from the Nile to use for irrigation. This was done so when the river was not flooding they could have water for their crops year round. According to the Britannica Encyclopedia, the water that had been collected in the canals and basins during the flood period was enough to supply nourishment for the crops for the next year (“The Nile” Britannica Encyclopedia). Egyptian’s main crops were wheat and barley. These grains were so important and were used to make porridge and bread that could feed many. They also grew vegetables, figs, melons, pomegranates, and vines. Some of the vegetables included onions, leeks, cabbage, and lettuce. Flax was harvested as well and used to make clothing. Due to the predictability of the flooding season, ancient Egyptian farmers were able to utilize the rich fertile soil and control the water so efficiently they grew everything they needed on the banks of the Nile.
Proof Paragraph #2 In addition to providing fertile soil and irrigation for agricultural success, the Nile also provided an important means of transportation. The Nile allowed the Egyptians to communicate more freely with one another and connected the small villages to the capital. This increased trade and communication for the Ancient Egyptians. In a similar fashion, the Nile connected Egypt to other countries allowing for an increase in trade and communication with them as well. The communication with other countries brought goods that the Egyptians needed and was an outlet to sell their goods both which supported their economy. Their surplus grains were traded as well as granite, cattle, furs and other foods. Travel on the Nile was not always easy but rafts, boats and ships were the main means of transportation. Travel during the flood season was easier than in the dry season. While the trip from Memphis to Thebes only took about two weeks during flood season, it could take up to two months in the dry season. The current moved the boats along while headed downriver, however sails were needed to travel upriver. Egyptians used paddles or long poles to move them forward when there was no wind. The Nile River provided a natural highway which connected the people living on its banks, and was ideal for transporting large quantities of goods in and out of Egypt.
Conclusion Key Ideas/Main Points Proof Paragraph #2
Conclusion It was on the banks of this river that one of the first civilizations began. The ancient Egyptians depended on the fertile soil of the Nile for agricultural success, and as a means of transportation that sustained communication and trade. Ancient Egypt could not have existed without the river Nile. Since rainfall is almost non-existent in Egypt, the floods provided the only source of moisture to sustain crops. The Nile connected Egyptians with a natural highway, communication was possible, and trade successful. The Nile has given great opportunities to millions of people throughout history, and continues to do so to this day. Virtually everyone acknowledges that Ancient Egypt could never have existed without the great body of water. The people who lived along the Nile in ancient times used the river for agriculture and transportation. That hasn't changed, although the methods of agriculture and transportation have. While the ancient Egyptian society eventually collapsed, the Nile continues to flow!
