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Pg 120 INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Pg 120 INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY. A scientific study of human behaviour in the production, distribution and use of goods and services in society. Leads to problem solving. Industrial Psychology aims to provide explanations, guidelines for the prediction and control of human behaviour.

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Pg 120 INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

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  1. Pg 120 INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY • A scientific study ofhuman behaviour in the production, distribution and use of goods and services in society. Leads to problem solving. • Industrial Psychology aims to provide explanations, guidelines for the prediction and control of human behaviour.

  2. FIELDS OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY • 1. Personnel psychology- human resource • Provision,selection,evaluation,training, remuneration of staff. • 2. Management and Organizational Psychology • Motivation, human relations and leadership.

  3. FIELDS OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY • 3. ERGONOMICS- engineering psychology.Best match between man, machinery and environment ensuring optimal safety and efficiency and maintenance. • 4. CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY • Studies consumers and predicts consumer behaviour.

  4. FIELDS OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY • 5. CAREER PSYCHOLOGY- human development from choice to retirement. • 6. INDUSTRIAL MENTAL HEALTH-Study of the influence of the environment on staff.

  5. IND PSY. AS A PROFESSION • 1. Professional function is governed by law. • 2.They identify analyse, solve problems.

  6. Pg 123 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR • 3 ways to learn: • 1. IMITATION= copy • 2. HABITUATION- habit formed through repetition. • 3. TRIAL AND ERROR- chance; discovery

  7. MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

  8. EXPECTANCY THEORY • VALENCY = what you value • INSTRUMENTALITY = action to get what u want • EXPECTANCY = what you expect in the end

  9. ABILITY • Motivation alone is not enough. • A person must also have the ability. • Motivation + ability = performance.

  10. Pg 129 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES [6] • 1. Difference in peoples performance. • 2.Difference in peoples talents and abilities. • 3. People attach different levels of importance to internal job rewards.

  11. Pg 129 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES [6] • 4.People prefer different leadership or management style. • 5. People differ in their needs for contact with others • 6.People differ in their loyalty and commitment to organizations.

  12. SPECIAL APTITUDES • 1. Mechanical ability. • 2. Psychomotor ability[ head and hand ] • 3. Visual skills • 4. Clerical skills

  13. Pg. 131 DEALING WITH INDIVIDUALS • Example of an objective: • I want to pass inm102-4 this semester. • An objective must meet 5 requirements: • It must be measurable. • It must have a time span. • It must be challenging. • It must have focus. Focus on the right things. • It must be attainable

  14. ADVANTAGES OF OBJECTIVES • 1. Lead to better performance. • 2. Personally satisfying. • 3. Buids or enhances confidence. • 4. Gives direction.

  15. CONTROL • 1. SELF CHECKING ! • 2.Control things that have the most forceful impact. • 3. Control work points. • 4.Communicate

  16. Pg 135 Interpersonal Relations in the Workplace • 5.1 PROMOTING GOOD RELATIONS • 1. Clarify expectations. • 2. Establish a relationship of trust. • Be available • Be predictable • Be loyal 3. Give help and support. 4. Respect the manager’s authority. 5. Solve problems together.

  17. 5.2 Dealing with problem cases. • 1. Do not break self esteem. • 2. Don’t attack the person; attack the problem. • 3. Don’t simply assume that an offence has been committed. • 4. Encourage the person to express an opinion or make a suggestion

  18. 5.2 Dealing with problem cases. • 5. Allow the person sufficient time. • 6. If possible and necessary, offer help. • 7. Make sure that an appropriate plan of action is devised. • 8.Set a definite follow up date.

  19. PG 143 GROUPS • 6.1 Why groups form? • 1. Pool of knowledge is greater. • 2. Approach to problem is more comprehensive. • 3. There is greater acceptance of solutions… • 4. Conceptualization of problem is improved.

  20. 6.2 Mature Teams • 1. Free communication and ; members make suggestions. • 2.Communicationn diffused rather than centralized. • 3.Difference of opinion aired. • Conflict managed openly. • 4.Informal leadership does not threaten formal leadership. • 5. Group members do not gossip about each other.

  21. 5 STAGES IN GROUP FORMATION • 1.FORMING – insecurity • 2. STORMING – conflict • 3. NORMING – cohesion/unity/agreement • 4. PERFORMING – doing as per agreement • 5. DEFERRMENT – breaking up till next time

  22. 6.3 QUALITIES OF A REALLY GOOD GROUP • 1. Takes carefully thought out decisions. • 2. Individuals feel that they can reach their objective because of group support. • 3. All members feel free to contribute. • 4. Individual knowledge is shared. • 5. Differences are approached constructively. • 6. Clear decisions are taken.

  23. 6.4 TYPES OF LEADERS • 1. Administrative • 2.Bureaucratic • 3.Experts • 4. Ideologues • 5.Charismatic leaders. • 6. Symbolic leaders

  24. LEADERSHIP STYLES • 1. AUTOCRATIC – “dictator” • 2. DEMOCRATIC – allows group contribution-helps. • 3. LAISSEZ-FAIRE – complete freedom

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