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ECG etc… (Miscellaneous ECGs). Rey Vivo, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. Describe the following miscellaneous ECGs: Lead reversal Dextrocardia Hypothermia Pericarditis Cardiac Tamponade Wolff-Parkinson-White Pulmonary embolism
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ECG etc…(Miscellaneous ECGs) Rey Vivo, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
Describe the following miscellaneous ECGs: Lead reversal Dextrocardia Hypothermia Pericarditis Cardiac Tamponade Wolff-Parkinson-White Pulmonary embolism Practice, practice, practice!!! Objectives
Limb lead reversal Inverted P and QRS in lead I
Chest lead reversal Tall precordial R waves
Dextrocardia Negative P and QRS in lead I and aVL Reverse R wave progression (differential: lead reversal)
Hypothermia Osborn or “J” waves (arrows) Baseline interference from shivering (others: sinus brady, QT prolongation, junctional rhythm, ventricular fibrillation, asystole)
Pericarditis Diffuse ST elevations Typically, no reciprocal changes PR displacement
Cardiac Tamponade • Tamponade Triad (specific, not sensitive): • Sinus tachycardia • Low voltage QRS • Electrical alternans
Wolff-Parkinson-White • WPW Triad: • Short PR interval • Wide QRS • Delta wave
Pulmonary Embolism Clues: Sinus tachycardia S1Q3T3 pattern Incomplete RBBB with R precordial T wave inversions
Brugada syndrome • Defined in 1992 by brothers Pedro and Josep Brugada in J Am Coll Cardiol • Rare condition associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD) or ventricular fibrillation/polymorphic VT in structurally normal hearts • Mean age of presentation: 35-40 years; male predominance (notably in SE Asia where it is endemic) • Familial with autosomal dominant inheritance • Clinical presentation: syncope or SCD is most common initial event; typically occurs in sleep or in early morning • ECG criteria: ST segment elevation in V1-V3 with characteristic RBBB pattern • Defect in sodium channel gene (SCN5A) on chromosome 3 • Lifetime risk of SCD • Consider ICDs; refer for genetic counseling