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Test Format. 30 Multiple Choice Questions (1.5 points each) 3 Matching sections Memory Check Revisited (Combination of the two sides into 1, 18 questions each word used once) Phases of Mitosis (6 phases used once) Campaign Posters (20 cell types, each used once) 5 Short Answer Questions.

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Test Format

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  1. Test Format • 30 Multiple Choice Questions (1.5 points each) • 3 Matching sections • Memory Check Revisited (Combination of the two sides into 1, 18 questions each word used once) • Phases of Mitosis (6 phases used once) • Campaign Posters (20 cell types, each used once) • 5 Short Answer Questions

  2. Unit 2 Review

  3. The Game Board

  4. 1 • When analyzing a specimen under a microscope, why do we stain the specimen? Answer: Most cell parts appear clear under the bright light of a microscope. Staining them gives them color and therefore makes it easier to see. BACK

  5. 2 • When a chromosome copies itself, the copy is referred to by this “relative” term. Answer: sister BACK

  6. 3 • This membrane junction are impermeable junctions that bind cells together into leakproof sheets? BACK Answer: tight junctions

  7. 4 • This is a nonfunctioning unit in a cell. Answer: inclusion. BACK

  8. 5 • This type of tissue is also known as fat, and it used to insulate the body and protect it from extreme conditions. Answer: Adipose Tissue BACK

  9. 6 • This is another name for a red blood cell. Answer: erthrocyte BACK

  10. 7 • Describe what happens during diffusion. Answer: Substances move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentrations until eventually there is an equal concentration in all areas. BACK

  11. 8 • When analyzing a specimen under a microscope, why must the sample be very thin? Answer: This is to allow light to pass through the sample and to allow only one layer of cells to be observed at a time BACK

  12. 9 • In this phase, chromosomes appear as threadlike coils at the start, but each chromosome is copied by the end. Answer: interphase BACK

  13. 10 • This is the process in which a pressure gradient actually pushes a solute containing fluid from a higher pressure to a lower pressure. Answer: filtration BACK

  14. 11 • This refers to when a cell moves a large amount of substances out of the cell Answer: exocytosis BACK

  15. 12 • What occurs if a solution is hypotonic and a cell was placed into it? Answer: The cell would swell and possibly rupture BACK

  16. 13 • This is the process during protein synthesis when the DNA is copied by RNA. Answer: transcription BACK

  17. 14 • This type of tissue is made up of connective tissue sheets that attach to the body’s skeleton and help the body with movement by contracting. Answer: skeletal muscle BACK

  18. 15 • This type of connective tissue forms the cushionlike disks between the vertebrae. Answer: fibrocartilage BACK

  19. 16 • This attachs skeletal muscles to bones. Answer: tendons BACK

  20. 17 • This is also known as osseous tissue. Answer: bone BACK

  21. 18 • This word mean one layer of cells. Answer: simple BACK

  22. 19 • In this phase, centrioles appear and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell while spindle fibers forms between the poles. Answer: prophase BACK

  23. 20 • In a homogenous mixture, this is the substance that dissolves the other material. Answer: solvent BACK

  24. 21 • What type of cell, which fights diseases, is this? BACK Answer: macrophage

  25. 22 • This broad type of tissue if used for support. Answer: connective BACK

  26. 23 • This type of tissue consists of several layers of cells that have a flattened shape and are found in sites that receive a good deal of abuse and friction, such as the esophagus, the mouth, and the outer portion of the skin. BACK Answer: stratified squamous epithelium

  27. 24 • In this phase, chromatids attach to the spindle fibers. Answer: metaphase BACK

  28. 25 • Give two examples of tissues undergoing the aging process and what happens to the tissue as it ages. Answer: epithelial membranes lose their elasticity and began to sag We begin to “dry out” as exocrine glands become less active Endocrine glands produce less hormones so the body processes they control become less effective Bones become porous and weaker Muscles begin to atrophy (deteriorate) BACK

  29. 26 • This refers specifically to when liquid material is taken into the cell. Answer: pinocytosis BACK

  30. 27 • This broad type of tissue is used for control. BACK Answer: nervous

  31. 28 • What is area O called BACK Answer: Mitochondria

  32. 29 • What occurs if a solution is hypertonic and a cell was placed into it? Answer: it would shrink BACK

  33. 30 • This type of tissue help to insulate and protect the delicate neurons. Answer: Supporting cells of the nervous tissue BACK

  34. 31 • In this phase, chromatids separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell. Answer: anaphase BACK

  35. 32 • What is inflammation and how does it help the healing process. Answer: A swelling of a tissue. It is used by the body to keep the injured area from moving and thus prevents further damage BACK

  36. 33 • This is a fragile, transparent barrier that consists of two lipid layers arrange “tail to tail” Answer: plasma membrane BACK

  37. 34 • small, dark-staining round body where ribosomes are assembled Answer: nucleolus BACK

  38. 35 • This is what the fluid inside the cell is referred to. Answer: intracellular fluid BACK

  39. 36 • These detoxify the cell of poisonous materials and deactivate free radicals using oxidase enzymes. Answer: peroxisomes BACK

  40. 37 • This is a cell that gathers information and controls body functions. Answer: nerve cells (neuron) BACK

  41. 38 • In this phase, two nuclei form and the chromosomes appear as chromatin. Answer: telephase BACK

  42. 39 • This cell type covers and lines body organs. BACK Answer: epithelial cells

  43. 40 • These are the “wires” that help to resist pulling forces on the cell. Answer: intermediate filaments BACK

  44. 41 • Why are stratified epithelial tissues better for protection purposes than simple epithelial tissues? Answer: Stratified epithelial tissue has multiple layers of cells, which means there are more cells to absorb the damage BACK

  45. 42 • This is the female cell of reproduction. Answer: oocyte BACK

  46. 43 • Name this type of cell BACK Answer: Epithelial Cells

  47. 44 • This is a slick membrane that lines the ventral body cavity and covers the organs in the cavity. BACK Answer: serosae

  48. 45 • The lower surface of an epithelial tissue is known as this. Answer: the basement membrane BACK

  49. 46 • These are tiny fingerlike projections that greatly increase the surface area for faster absorption Answer: microvilli BACK

  50. 47 • In this phase, cell membranes moves inward to create two daughter cells. Answer: cytokinesis BACK

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