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The Expanding Role of the State

This text examines the evolving responsibilities of the state in mass politics, focusing on France and Great Britain. It highlights the critical roles of mass education and military service in fostering national identity and patriotism while reinforcing class distinctions. The Dreyfus Affair serves as a pivotal case reflecting societal divisions and state intervention in justice. Additionally, the text discusses the state’s obligations to its citizens, including economic protections for the working class, and how military conscription contributed to unity and national pride, ultimately shaping modern nation-states.

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The Expanding Role of the State

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  1. The Expanding Role of the State Kidner, Ch. 22, pp. 640-644

  2. Mass Politics and Nation Building France Great Britain

  3. Mass Politics and Nation Building Eastern Europe France

  4. Mass Politics and Technology

  5. Impact of Literacy

  6. Modern Day Examples

  7. Jules Verne

  8. Working Class Political Parties • British Labour Party • Social Democratic Party of Germany • Socialist party in France • Russian Socialist Revolutionaries • Bolsheviks / Mensheviks

  9. Dreyfus Affair • Alfred Dreyfus, Jewish capt. in army - accused of spying for Germany • From Alsace – family left when Prussia took the territory • Convicted of treason and sent to Devil’s Island Prison • The French public questioned his conviction • Why? Evidence gathered shows innocent - points to Major Esterhazy --- but army won’t reopen the case • Family asks help of Emile Zola’s - open letter - J’accuse • Dreyfus in prison until 1898 • Country split!!! Church / Army vs. Jews / Radicals • called back to France for retrial – 1899 pardoned • 1906 exonerated • Results • Republicans / Socialists – block anti-republicans • Promote Anti-clericalism (because were vs. Dreyfus) • Republic survives --- up to 1914

  10. Main Goals of Mass Education Mass Education = government sponsored education • Reduce the influence of the church on education • Strengthen patriotism • Reinforced existing class distinctions

  11. Social Contract State’s Obligations to the Citizen Citizens’ Obligations to the State • Paying taxes • Serving in the military • Obeying the law • Protect from • Foreign and domestic enemies • Sickness, poverty, old age • Insure • Order • International presitge

  12. Reasons for State intervention in Economics • Protect investors’ profits • Regulations on banking and stock market increase over time • Protect the welfare of the working class • Better, safer working conditions • More just working terms

  13. Role of the Military in the Nation-State • Compulsory military service for all men • Except Great Britain • Build unity amongst young men • In some places lead to wider use of standardized language • Develop national pride and international prestige • Largest militaries the world had ever seen • Largest drain on national budget • New taxes and tariffs passed to support militaries

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