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Exploring Invertebrate Embryology: From Cleavage to Gastrulation and Phylogenetic Relationships

Dive into the fascinating world of invertebrate embryology, from the stages of development such as cleavage, morula, blastula, and gastrula to the formation of mesoderm and outcomes in the pattern of development. Discover the distinctions between protostomates and deuterostomates, the origins of eucoelomates, and phylogenetic relationships with key invertebrate groups like Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata. Unravel the evolutionary history and larval relationships in this intricate field.

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Exploring Invertebrate Embryology: From Cleavage to Gastrulation and Phylogenetic Relationships

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Other facets of invertebrate embryology

  2. Stages of development • Egg and sperm • Fertilized embryo • Cell division resulting in a multicellular embryo (cleavage) • Radial cleavage • Spiral cleavage • Morula--solid ball of cells • Blastula-hollow ball of cells • Gastrula

  3. The outcomes of gastrulation • Diploblasty • Formation of the primitive gut • Name of the entrances and exits • If the first opening becomes the mouth, protostomates • If the first opening becomes the anus, deuterostomates

  4. Formation of mesoderm in the eucoelomates • Protostomates • Solid mass of mesodermal cells in blastocoel • Schizocoely--split in the mesoderm to form the coelom • Deuterostomates • Budding off of the archenteron • enterocoely

  5. Outcomes in the pattern of development • Protostomates, have spiral cleavage • Determinate--cell futures are predictable • Deuterostomates, have radial cleavage • Indeterminate--cell futures are not predictable at the eight cell stage

  6. Phylogenetic relationships • Protostomates • Annelida • Mollusca • Arthropoda • Deuterostomates • Echinodermata • Chordata • Invertebrate chordates • Vertebrates

  7. Origin of the eucoelomates • Relationship to the platyhelminthes • Larval relationships • Protostomates have a larval stage = trochophore • Platyhelminthes larvae = Muller’s larvae

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