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Israelite Cosmology

Israelite Cosmology. Exodus 20:4. 4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. Exodus 20:4.

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Israelite Cosmology

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  1. Israelite Cosmology

  2. Exodus 20:4 4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.

  3. Exodus 20:4 4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.

  4. Job 11:8-9 7     “Can you find out the deep things of God? Can you find out the limit of the Almighty? 8     It is higher than heaven—what can you do? Deeper than Sheol—what can you know? 9     Its measure is longer than the earth and broader than the sea.

  5. New Testament Shares the Three-Tiered Worldview Philippians 2: 8 And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. 9 Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, 10 so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, 11 and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. Revelation 5: 2 And I saw a strong angel proclaiming with a loud voice, “Who is worthy to open the scroll and break its seals?” 3 And no one in heaven or on earth or under the earth was able to open the scroll or to look into it.

  6. “God’s Eye” View of the Created World Job 26: 10 - He has inscribed a circle on the face of the waters at the boundary between light and darkness. Great Deep / Primeval Waters Prov. 8:  27 When he established the heavens, I was there; when he drew a circle on the face of the deep, 28  when he made firm the skiesabove, when he established the fountains of the deep. EARTH Gen 1: 9 And God said, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together into one place, and let the dry land appear.” And it was so. 10 God called the dry land Earth, and the waters that were gathered together he called seas.

  7. The Heavens (“Expanse”) and the Waters Above and Below the Heavens Genesis 1: 6 And God said, “Let there be an expanse (raqı̂a) in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters.” 7 And God made the expanse and separated the waters that were under the expanse from the waters that were above the expanse. And it was so. 8 And God called the expanse Heaven. Psalm 148: Praise Him, highest heavens, and you waters that are above the heavens.

  8. Job 37: 14Give ear to this, Job; Stop to consider the marvels of God. 15Do you know what charge God lays upon them, When His lightning-clouds shine? 16Do you know the marvels worked upon the expanse of clouds, By Him whose understanding is perfect, 17Why your clothes become hot When the land is becalmed by the south wind? 18Can you help him stretch out the heavens, Firm as a mirror of cast metal?

  9. Job 22: 13  But you say, ‘What does God know? Can he judge through the deep darkness?  14  Thick clouds veil him, so that he does not see, and he walks on the vault of heaven.’ Prov. 8:  27 When he established the heavens, I was there; when he drew a circleon the face of the deep, 28  when he made firm the skies above, when he established the fountains of the deep.

  10. The stars (the heavenly host) “lived” in the heavens; they were considered divine beings, and the sun (Yahweh) ruled them. Job 38: 4 “Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth? Tell me, if you have understanding. 5  Who determined its measurements — surely you know! Or who stretched the line upon it?  6  On what were its bases sunk, or who laid its cornerstone, 7  when the morning stars sang together and all the sons of God shouted for joy?

  11. 1 Kings 22: 19 I saw the LORD seated upon His throne, with all the host of heaven standing in attendance to the right and to the left of Him. 20The LORD asked, ‘Who will entice Ahab so that he will march and fall at Ramoth-gilead?’ Then one said thus and another said thus, 21until a certain spirit came forward and stood before the LORD and said, ‘I will entice him.’ ‘How?’ the LORD asked him. 22 And he replied, ‘I will go out and be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.’ Then He said, ‘You will entice and you will prevail. Go out and do it.’

  12. New Testament Shares this View of the Stars Revelation 1: 12 Then I turned to see the voice that was speaking to me, and on turning I saw seven golden lampstands, 13 and in the midst of the lampstands one like a son of man, clothed with a long robe and with a golden sash around his chest. 14 The hairs of his head were white, like white wool, like snow. His eyes were like a flame of fire, 15 his feet were like burnished bronze, refined in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar of many waters. 16 In his right hand he held seven stars, from his mouth came a sharp two-edged sword, and his face was like the sun shining in full strength . . . As for the mystery of the seven stars that you saw in my right hand, and the seven golden lampstands, the seven stars are the angels of the seven churches, and the seven lampstands are the seven churches.

  13. The Vault of the Heavens is Held Up by Pillars / the Earth (Mountains) Amos 9: 6 who builds his upper chambers in the heavens and founds his vault upon the earth; who calls for the waters of the sea and pours them out upon the surface of the earth— the Lord is his name. Job 26:11 The pillars of heaven tremble and are astounded at his rebuke.

  14. Windows and Doors in the Heavens Gen 7:11 - on that day all the fountains of the great deep burst forth, and the windows of the heavens were opened . . . Gen 8:2 - The fountains of the deep and the windows of the heavens were closed, the rain from the heavens was restrained. Psalm 78:23 - Yet he commanded the skies above and opened the doors of heaven,

  15. Pillars Under the Earth Supporting the Earth 1 Sam 2:8 - For the pillars of the earth are the Lord’s, and on them he has set the world. Job 38: 4 “Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth? . . . 6On what were its bases sunk, or who laid its cornerstone?

  16. Sheol is Under the Earth Job 26: 5 The dead tremble under the waters and their inhabitants. 6 Sheol is naked before God, and Abaddon has no covering.

  17. Psalm 73: 23 Nevertheless, I am continually with you; you hold my right hand. 24 You guide me with your counsel, and afterward you will receive me to glory. 25Whom have I in heaven but you? And there is nothing on earth that I desire besides you. Job 19:25 For I know that my Redeemer lives, and at the last he will stand upon the earth. 26 And after my skin has been thus destroyed, yet in (or, apart from) my flesh I shall see God

  18. Job 26: 5 The dead (Rephaim) tremble under the waters and their inhabitants. 6 Sheol is naked before God, and Abaddon has no covering. Psalm 88:10 – Do you work wonders for the dead? Do the shades (Rephaim) rise up to praise you? 11 Is your steadfast love declared in the grave, or your faithfulness in Abaddon? Isaiah 14; Ezekiel 32

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