1 / 30

ERGONOMICS PROBLEMS IN THE WORKPLACE

ERGONOMICS PROBLEMS IN THE WORKPLACE. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS. First Aid. Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994. Safety & Health Policy. Accident Reporting. Safety & Health Committees. Safety & Health Training. Ergonomic.

cchilds
Télécharger la présentation

ERGONOMICS PROBLEMS IN THE WORKPLACE

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ERGONOMICS PROBLEMS IN THE WORKPLACE

  2. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS First Aid Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994 Safety & Health Policy Accident Reporting Safety & Health Committees Safety & Health Training

  3. Ergonomic • ERGO (work and effort) + NOMOS (law or surroundings)= Law of work • the science on how to fit a system to a person using scientific approach • Fitting the task and working environment to the workers

  4. OSHA 1994 • Third objective of the Act • ‘Work environment that is adapted to the physiological and psychological needs of the worker’

  5. The Need for Ergonomic • To maintain and maximize productivity and competitiveness • Ever efficient workplace (simple to human workers) • Achievable Quality (within the human physical and mental capacity) • Safety ( to minimize unsafe acts) • Health (to minimize acute and chronic injuries)

  6. MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE DISABILITY Disorders, Injury, Diseases PRONOUNCED SYMPTOMS Soreness, Aches & Pains -Affecting Performance MINOR SYMPTOMS Occ. movement problem, Minor aches,Fatigue, Discomfort -Considered ‘Normal’

  7. Ergonomic Risk Factors • Static position • same position held for extended periods without movement • Lack of recovery • when cumulative fatigue exist • Contact stress • soft tissues pressed against a hard object • Force • amount of force required to perform task • Frequency • repetition of similar actions without rest • Awkward position • other parts of the body are tense not due to work but maintaining posture

  8. OFFICE ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH Temperature Lighting Humidity Color Ventilation Office Floor Space Contaminated Air Welfare Facilities Smoking Cleanliness Ozone/Photocopiers Sick Building Syndrome

  9. SAFETY IN THE OFFICE Emergencies Office Accidents Manual Handling Stress Transport Work Equipment Chemical

  10. Computer Work Station • ‘Typing Injuries’ • Eye Strain • Back Pain • Psychological Stress

  11. KEYBOARD EQUIPMENT Using a Mouse Workstation Checklist for Keyboard Workers Keyboard Equipment and Radiation Keyboard and Telephone Operations Workstation Dimensions Lighting for VDUs Glare & Reflection

  12. TYPING POSITION WRONG CORRECT

  13. Neutral Posture

  14. REST BREAKS & EXERCISE Muscle Care & Preparation Rest Breaks & Keyboard Work Eye Strain Exercises for Rest Breaks

  15. EXERCISE -reduce muscle fatigue -improve circulation

  16. Visual Discomfort • ICT era- widespread use of computer/video display terminals (VDT) • Commonplace: office work, engineering, architecture---- personal use • Importance of visual comfort: • enhance job performance & productivity

  17. Eye Muscles

  18. Common Eye Symptoms Occurs when the visual demands of the task exceed the visual abilities • Blurred vision • Double vision • Eye strain • Headache • Red/sore eyes

  19. Causes of Visual Discomfort • High visual demand • Sustain, close-screen work: visual fatigue • Less short breaks • Non ergonomic work station • Ambient lighting, VDT brightness/contrast, glare • Refractive errors (uncorrected) • Radiation? • Non conclusive ‘EYE FATIGUE’

  20. Ergonomic Work Station • VDT monitor and screen: brightness, contrast, text size • Glare prevention • Good lighting

  21. Good Work Practice • Maintain correct working distance- physiological resting accommodations and vergence • Regular blinking of the eyes- minimize excessive tear evaporation • Take frequent and regular short breaks- enough time for eye muscle to recover (STOP, LOOK AWAY & BLINK) • Adopt good work posture • Reference materials placed close to the screen • Choose proper spectacles or lenses

  22. Back Pain and Manual Handling • Manual handling- strength and power to lift up/down, push, pull, carry, transfer or hold objects • it increases risk of back pain • heavy load • non neutral position (bending, twisting) • increase stress to the back • physical load- acute and chronic effect to back pain

  23. Participatory Ergonomic Approach • Joint employee-employer involvement in planning and executing ergonomic activities • Task specific- small group • Based at each worksite • Both sides should maintain periodic communication

More Related