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Intellectual Disabilities

Intellectual Disabilities. AAIDD definition: Four criteria1) Substantial limitations in personal capabilities2) Subaverage intellectual functioning (I.Q.)3) Disability in 2 or more adaptive skill areasCommunication, home living, community use, work, health/safety, social skills, self-care, sel

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Intellectual Disabilities

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    1. Intellectual Disabilities Definition, Causes, and Characteristics

    2. Intellectual Disabilities AAIDD definition: Four criteria 1) Substantial limitations in personal capabilities 2) Subaverage intellectual functioning (I.Q.) 3) Disability in 2 or more adaptive skill areas Communication, home living, community use, work, health/safety, social skills, self-care, self-direction, functional academics, leisure 4) Begins before age 18

    3. ID Definition School personnel: Definition within the Rules for implementing IDEA IDEA Definition (Three Parts) Significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning Existing together with deficits in adaptive behavior Originating during the developmental period Levels of ID associated with IQ

    4. Levels of Severity of ID: IQ Based Depends on scale that your using M=100 SD=15, then 70-55 Mild 54-40 Moderate 39-25 Severe 25 and below Profound New definition 2 levels

    5. New Classification MR Mild and Severe Not based on IQ, rather level of functioning IQ is one of 3 or 4 dimensions used to determine level of severity of disability Issue: Severe / Profound

    6. Scope By definition (using IQ only), 3% of population have intellectual disabilities (i.e. 7.5 million people) About every five or six minutes, a child is born with ID (9,000 a month) 90% mild 6 % moderate 5% severe/profound SES major factor in MR prevalence

    7. Etiology 30 to 40 percent: Idiopathic Biological and Environmental Time Related Causes Prenatal Chromosomal Anomalies Brain Formation Disorders Metabolic Disorders Maternal Disease Rh Incompatibility Maternal Self Abuse

    8. Etiology Perinatal Head Trauma Premature birth, post mature birth Low birth weight (VLBW) Difficult labor/delivery Cerebral Anoxia Postnatal Head Trauma Disease Infections Environmental Deprivation Poisoning Late onset metabolic disorders Malnutrition Seizure disorders Combined Occurrence

    9. Chromosomal Anomalies

    10. Apert Syndrome

    11. Prader-Willi Syndrome

    12. Angelman Syndrome

    13. William’s Syndrome

    14. Chromosomal Anomalies Turner Syndrome/Noonan Syndrome Fragile X Syndrome Neurofibromatosis Other

    15. Characteristics Motor Characteristics Cognitive Characteristics Affective Characteristics

    16. Instructional Strategies Students with ID respond to same instructional strategies as students without disabilities Need more time and/or trials for skill mastery Focus should be on functional skills/tasks. IEP team determines what will be functional for each student. Provide opportunities for students to practice and to achieve success with tasks (supervised) before they have independent practice Reinforce the processes of the desired task rather than just the products Teaching tasks and behaviors in the setting where they will be used as much as possible Use task analysis for complex tasks For behavior: PP PRE C

    17. Specific Examples of Lesson Modifications Math: while class is working on addition Spelling: while class is taking a spelling test Science: while class is working on Fahrenheit and Centigrade temperatures

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