Unit 5 Ways to Success

1. Unit 5Ways to Success

2. Unit Tasks • Lead in:Listen to and then talk about success • Read and Explore:read about famous people and their stories of success;

3. Lead in

4. The people in these photos all have stories of Ways to Success. Listen to a passage and describe them to your classmates. • .

5. Lead in Listen to the passage in your course book and try to fill the missing words in the blanks.

6. Keys for Reference 1. program 2. founded 3. encourages 4. failure 5. achievements 6. athletes 7. giving up 8. humble 9. talent 10. career

7. Ways to Success • Failure is the success of mother. • Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. • All roads lead to Rome. • Nothing is difficult if you put your heart in it. • No pains, no gains. • There is a will, there is a way.

8. Read and Explore Passage A My Advice to Students: Education Counts Passage B Christopher Reeve--A Real Superman

9. Passage A My Advice to Students: Education Counts

10. Contents • Think about It • Text awareness • What to focus on • Language focus • (Exercises from the textbook)

11. Think about It • What does school education mean to you? • school education vs. education from life • your own choice after you get your degree

12. Text Awareness • A speech delivered by Bill Gates • Who is the “I” here in this passage? • What is “my attitude” in this passage?

13. Questions for Understanding the Text 1. Why do many students write to Gates every year? They want to get his advice about education.

14. 2. Why do some parents write to Gates? They want to get guidance for their children.

15. 3. What does Gates think of dropping out of school? He discourages it.

16. 4. Which university did Gates go to? Did he graduate with a degree? He went to Harvard but he dropped out in his junior year.

17. 5. When does Gates think is the appropriate time for students to think about specialization? He thinks that students should think about specialization while in college.

18. What to Focus On

19. Bill Gates Gates, William Henry (1955- ) is an American business executive, who serves as chairman and chief software architect of Microsoft Corporation, the leading computer software company in the United States. Gates cofounded Microsoft in 1975 with high school friend Paul Allen. The company’s success made Gates one of the most influential figures in the computer industry and, eventually, one of the richest people in the world.

20. Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is a leading American computer software company. Microsoft develops and sells a wide variety of software products to businesses and consumers in more than 50 countries. The company’s Windows operating systems for personal computers are the most widely used operating systems in the world. Microsoft has its headquarters in Redmond, Washington. Microsoft’s other well-known products include Word, a word processor; Excel, a spreadsheet program; Access, a database program; and PowerPoint, a program for making business presentations. These programs are sold separately and as part of Office, an integrated software suite. Microsoft’s Internet Explorer allows users to browse the World Wide Web. Among the company’s other products are reference applications; games; financial software; programming languages for software developers; input devices, such as pointing devices and keyboards; and computer-related books. Microsoft Windows Microsoft office

21. take advantage of:make use of, profit from (Para 3) make (good / full / little) use of • We should take full advantage of the • exceptional opportunity open in exports. • You'd better take advantage of the warm • weather by going for a walk this afternoon.

22. Advantage/disadvantagein writing • Everything has got its advantages and disadvantages,…is no exception. • Every coin has two sides,…is no exception.

23. It's true that I dropped out of college to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before dropping out--and I'd love to have the time to go back. (para. 4) It's true that I left college early to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before I left, and if I had the time I'd love to go back (for my further study). 不错，为创建微软，我未完成大学学业，不过辍学之前我已经在哈佛呆了三年，而且我真心希望有一天能重返校园。

24. opportunity: a favorable moment or occasion (for doing something) (Para 4) • It will give you an opportunity and meanwhile, a challenge. • Don't let slip any opportunity of practicing • your English.

25. claim: say that (sth.) is true or is a fact without having any proof (Para 5) • Jean claims to own a car but I don't • believe her. • He claimed that he had done the work • without help.

26. Since you are a success, my students perceive that as a reason not to care much about getting a good education. (para. 5) As you are a success, my students tend to infer from your success that they don't have to worry very much about doing well in school. 你成功了，我的学生因此就认为没有必要接受良好的教育。

27. let alone:not to mention (Para 7) Leave alone • I have not even read the first chapter, let • alone finished the book. • The baby can't even walk, let alone run.

28. threaten: hang over dangerously, utter a threat; give warning of (Para 8) • Giant pandas are threatened with extinction. • Dark skies threaten rain. • Threaten sb. Into doing sth / frighten sb.into doing sth. • Cheat sb. Into doing sth. / deceive sb. Into doing sth.

29. look to: depend on the action of (Para 9) • We look to you for help / to help us. • An able young man is ashamed to look to • others for assistance. Count on/fall back on

30. But somebody handing you a book doesn't automatically foster learning. (para. 10) But if someone gives you a book, you may not necessarily learn anything from it. 但人家递给你一本书并不能自动地让你学到东西。

31. foster: help (something) to grow or develop • Cooperative learning fosters a spirit of • cooperation. • The mother tried to foster her son's interest • in music by taking him to concerts when he • was young.

32. In high school there were periods when I was highly focused on writing software, but for most of my high school years I had wide-ranging academic interests. (para. 12) Sometimes in high school I engaged myself wholly in writing software, but most of the time I studied a large variety of subjects. 读高中时，我有一段时间醉心于软件编写，但大部分时间里，我的学习兴趣相当广泛。

33. grateful: feeling or showing thanks (Para 12) be grateful that … • I was most grateful to John for bringing the • books. • We are grateful to our neighbors for help in • time of trouble. Gratitude/express one’s gratitude for

34. One parent wrote me that her 15-year-old son "lost himself in the hole of the computer." (para. 14) metaphor vs. simile One parent wrote me that her 15-year-od son became completely preoccupied by the computer and ignored everything else. 有位家长写信说，她15岁的儿子“钻进计算机无底洞里了”。

35. High school and college offer you the best chance to learn broadly---math, history, various sciences---and to do projects with other kids that teach you first-hand about group dynamics. It's fine to take a deep interest in computers, dance, language or any other discipline, but not if it jeopardizes breadth. (para. 15) 高中和大学给你提供了最佳机会，你可以广泛学习——数学，历史，各种学科——有机会跟着别的孩子一起做项目，亲身感受到群体的动力。你对计算机、舞蹈、语言或其他任何的科目有深入的兴趣也无可厚非，但太偏执而舍弃学习广度就不是一件好事了。

36. If you fall into an obsessive pattern in high school, you've got two problems. (para. 16) If you fall into a bad habit of having strong but narrow interests in high school, you have two problems (not just one). 如果高中阶段兴趣过于集中，你会面临两个问题。

37. obsess:to preoccupy the mind with a single emotion or topic • He’s still obsessing over the loss of the cup.” • be obsessed with • obsessive gambling • an obsessive need to win

38. Graduate school is one way to get specialized knowledge, although extended college education isn't always a good investment from a purely economic standpoint. (para. 17) Graduate school is one way to study a particular academic area , but it may not be the wisest way to invest your time and your tuition money. 读研究生是获取专业知识的一个途径，不过从纯经济角度来看，大学毕业后再接受教育不总是明智的投资。

39. lead to: have as a result, cause • A bad cold can lead to pneumonia. • Hard work leads to success. lead sb. to do sth.

40. Key Words for Summary It is said; dropped out; three years at Harvard; a variety of subjects; advice; do much; opportunity of a lifetime; should not specialize too soon; should learn how to learn;

41. Summary of the Text It is well known that Bill Gates dropped out of college. Some people even think he never finished high school. In fact he finished three years at Harvard, where he studied a variety of subjects and only took one computer class. His main advice to students is to do much as he did, but to finish college before dropping out unless the opportunity of a lifetime appears. He feels students should not specialize too soon.

42. Summary of the Text If they do specialize they should also pursue other subjects and make acceptable grades. Above all else he believes students should learn how to learn, so they can learn on their own outside the classroom. This in fact is how Gates learned most of what he knows about computers, though he apparently feels that most students need a somewhat more structured approach to education than he had.

43. Language Focus Exercise 4 • 1. was sinking 2. specialty • 3. purely 4. discourage • 5. unlikely 6. dynamics • 7. actually 8. reasonably • 9. have perceived 10. extended

44. Exercise 5 1. took a deep interest in; 2. fell into; 3. sign up; 4. try (it) out; 5. dropped out of

45. Exercise 6 1）我们得把感情放在一边，从专业的角度来对待这件事。(from a …standpoint) 2）这部戏非常精彩，我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。(lose oneself in) 3）她没有什么爱好－除非你把看电视说成是一种爱好。(unless) 4）他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。 (first-hand) 5）既然你不能回答这个问题，我们最好问问别人。(since)

46. 1) We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional standpoint. 2) The play was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement of it. 3) She hasn’t got any hobbies --- unless you call watching TV a hobby. 4) He said that he had got the information first-hand from the mayor himself. 5) Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else.

47. Thank you!

48. Passage B Christopher Reeve — A Real Superman

49. Contents • Think about It • Text awareness • What to focus on • Language focus • (Exercises from the textbook)

50. Think about It • Who is Superman? • Can you think of other heroes like him in movies and books? • What qualities should these super heroes have? • Who is Christopher Reeve? Does he have anything to do with Superman?