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Community Needs Assessment

Community Needs Assessment . LIS 490CEL Oct 6, 2009 Jaime Schumacher. What is a Community Needs Assessment?. Community Common History Common Ethnicity/Culture Common Geography Common Interests Needs Normative Need Comparative Need Felt Need Expressed Need Assessment

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Community Needs Assessment

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  1. Community Needs Assessment LIS 490CEL Oct 6, 2009 Jaime Schumacher

  2. What is a Community Needs Assessment? • Community • Common History • Common Ethnicity/Culture • Common Geography • Common Interests • Needs • Normative Need • Comparative Need • Felt Need • Expressed Need • Assessment • Gauge key issues, opinions, attitudes, assumptions, needs

  3. Needs Assessment in the Community Inquiry Cycle

  4. Why Use a Community Assessment? • Gather information from citizens • Identify gaps • Set priorities and allocate resources • Evaluate current programs • Determine (and even generate) citizen support for initiatives

  5. Assessment Success • Community Involvement and Buy-In • Stakeholder Participatory Model – Equal involvement of stakeholders and evaluators in all phases of the assessment…collaboration! • Convergent Data Analysis & Multi-method Approach • Variety of research methods • Variety of data sources, perspectives

  6. Needs Assessment Cycle

  7. Catalyst • Event that highlights a potential need or necessitates the definition of a need • Examples • Expressed need • Tragedy • Funding becomes available • Outdated services

  8. Identify Stakeholders • Who are stakeholders? • People who make decisions about programs or funding • People who provide the service • People who receive the service • Community at large • Research community • Others? • Clarify roles and responsibilities • Oversight Committee This is an iterative process – identifying initial stakeholders will lead to the identification of other stakeholders

  9. Set Parameters • Define Objective of Needs Assessment • Explicit • Agreement between all stakeholders and evaluators…No hidden agendas! • Determine Content • What information should be sought? • What is the scope? • Discuss Potential Issues

  10. Collect Data • Data Sources • Data Collection Methods • Data Collection Tools • Qualitative Measures • Quantitative Measures • Monitoring

  11. Qualitative Measures • Small Groups • Focus Groups • Delphi Technique • Nominal Group Technique • Key Informant Interviews • Public Hearings/Community Forums

  12. Quantitative Measures • Survey • Telephone Surveys • Mailed Surveys • Distributed Surveys • Face to Face Surveys • Secondary Data • Census • Similar assessments performed in similar communities • State and county level reports

  13. Analyze Findings • Stakeholder Review of Preliminary Findings • Data Analysis Techniques • Interpretation

  14. Recommendations • Final Report Dissemination • Next Steps • New Catalyst

  15. Case Study Community-wide service needs assessment of elderly residents in Lorain County, Ohio. 1996 Shantha Balaswamy Holly Dabelko

  16. Catalyst • A migration of elderly into the county • Initiated by a major provider of elderly services in the county • Agency’s director enlisted director of the department of nursing of a local community college

  17. Catalyst Recommendations Identify Stakeholders Analyze Findings Identify Stakeholders Collect Data Set Parameters • Stakeholders • Aging Network Service Providers • Research Sponsors • Funders • Educational Institutions • Social Service Agencies • Health Care Providers • Private Corporations • Elderly Residents • Community Residents • Oversight Committee

  18. Catalyst Recommendations Set Parameters Analyze Findings Identify Stakeholders Collect Data Set Parameters • Objective: • “Develop a comprehensive assessment of service needs for the elderly residents and explore availability of resources.” • Support a tax levy for senior services • Generate additional funding • Content • Service utilization, service needs, service gaps for older people • Empirical data • Level of frailty and functional impairment

  19. Catalyst Recommendations Collect Data Analyze Findings Identify Stakeholders Set Parameters Collect Data • Survey of 400 community residents over age 60 • Focus groups with elderly participants in senior centers • Key informant interviews with community leaders • Survey of service providers

  20. Recommendations Catalyst Analyze Findings Analyze Findings Identify Stakeholders Collect Data Set Parameters • Community’s elderly are in good health • Most needed services are currently available • Over half of respondents reported having symptoms of depression • One in ten reported feeling lonely, unhappy, and lacked necessary psychotropic medications

  21. Recommendations Catalyst Recommendations Analyze Findings Identify Stakeholders Collect Data Set Parameters • Promote continued good health • Wellness exercise programs • Use some health related resources for other services • Home maintenance and repair • Broaden health needs to include mental and emotional needs

  22. Group Discussion Community Needs Assessments are often initiated to provide information in order to take some action. In what other ways can the results of a Community Needs Assessment be used? What experiences have you had with Needs Assessments in your own communities?

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