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Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession and Sustainability Chapter 8

Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession and Sustainability Chapter 8. “What is this balance of nature that ecologists talk about?” Stuart L. Pimm. Key Concepts. Community Structure Roles of species Species interactions Changes in ecosystems Stability of ecosystems.

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Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession and Sustainability Chapter 8

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  1. Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession and SustainabilityChapter 8 “What is this balance of nature that ecologists talk about?” Stuart L. Pimm

  2. Key Concepts • Community Structure • Roles of species • Species interactions • Changes in ecosystems • Stability of ecosystems

  3. Community Structure: Appearance and Species Diversity • Stratification • Species Diversity • Species richness • Niche structure • Edge effects

  4. Latitude Depth Pollution Theory of island biogeography Ants Birds Fig. 8-3 p. 167 Biodiversity

  5. Native Non-native (exotic or alien) Indicator Keystone General Types of Species

  6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tiYrqucl2vg • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLH1qLCvqSg

  7. Species Interactions: Competition • Intraspecific competition • Interspecific competition • Interference competition • Exploitation competition • Competitive exclusion principle • Resource partitioning

  8. Resource Partitioning

  9. Species Interactions: Predation • Predator • Prey • Prey acquisition • Predator avoidance

  10. Symbiotic Species Interactions: Parasitism • Parasite • Host • Endoparasites • Ectoparasites

  11. Symbiotic Species Interactions: Mutualism • Reproductive mutualism: pollination • Nutritional mutualism • Nutritional/protection mutualism

  12. Symbiotic Species Interactions: Commensalism • Indirect: i.e., small plants growing in shade of larger plants • Direct: i.e., epiphytes, remoras

  13. Ecological Succession:Communities in Transition • Primary succession • Secondary succession • Pioneer Species • Successional species

  14. Primary Succession

  15. Secondary Succession

  16. Succession and Wildlife

  17. The Rate of Succession • Facilitation • Inhibition • Tolerance

  18. Ecological Stability and Sustainability • Disturbance • Climax community • Inertia • Constancy • Resilience • Precautionary principle

  19. Writing Assignment • The town council has observed that the frog population of a local stream has been dwindling. This stream receives storm water from a new development that has been planting and fertilizing the lawns of the new homes being built. The town council is looking to limit the amount of pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer that can be applied to personal property. • You assignment is to write a letter supporting or opposing this limitation. (You will be assigned one side or the other.) • In your letter, use information from chapter 8 to write your letter.

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