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Understanding Ionic and Multivalent Compounds in Chemistry

This lesson focuses on ionic compounds and multivalent elements, essential topics in chemistry. Students will learn to write and name the chemical formulas for ionic compounds, recognize multivalent elements on the periodic table, and apply the crisscross rule to determine the correct formulas. Key examples include compounds like MgS and CuCl2. Students will engage in challenges to assess their understanding of the principles behind the formation and naming of these compounds, ensuring they grasp the concepts crucial for further studies in chemistry.

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Understanding Ionic and Multivalent Compounds in Chemistry

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  1. Science Says……How Olympians Have Changed • http://www.cbc.ca/sochi2014/sciencesays/video/the-science-of-stretching-and-warming-up

  2. Learning goals: • By the end of class, I will be able to: • Write the formula AND name the chemical formula for ionic compounds • Recognize multivalent elements on the periodic table • Write the formula AND name multivalent compounds

  3. RECAP: What do we know about ionic compounds??? • Ionic compounds exist between a metal and non-mental • The overall charge of an ionic compound is 0. • To name ionic compound, write the metal first and the non-metal second, change the ending of the non-metal to “ide”

  4. Review Naming & Writing Univalent Ionic Compounds • MgS • NaCl • Al2O3 • Calcium sulphide • Zinc phosphide • Calcium iodide • Potassium fluoride

  5. Challenge #1 – Complete with a Partner • Are the following ionic compounds possible? Explain why or why not. • (a) Ca2P3 • (b) LiI • (c) NaBr

  6. Crisscross Rule for Writing Formulas Step 1: Write the symbols of each element (remember to write the symbol for the metal first) Step 2: Write the ion charge above each corresponding symbol. Remember that the ion charge is based on the number of electrons gained (negative) OR lost (positive) to become an ion. Step 3: Crisscross the ion charges, erase the signs of each ion charge, and write them as subscripts

  7. Examples of Writing Formulas • Write the correct formula for a compound of aluminum and sulphur • (a) 3+ 2- Al S = Al2S3

  8. Examples of Writing Formulas • Write the correct formula for a compound of barium and oxygen • (b) 2+ 2- Ba O = Ba2O2 Note: If you need the same number of each ion, you can reduce the formula to one of each ion, as shown here. = BaO

  9. Challenge #2 – Complete with a Partner • What do you do if an ion has two or more possible charges? • Give examples to support your answer.

  10. Multivalent Elements • A metal that can form an ion in more than one way • Which elements in the periodic table have more than one ionic charge? • the name of an ion of a multivalent metal ALWAYS contains a Roman numeral that indicates the ion charge • ONLY multivalent metals have Roman numerals!!! Eg: Copper 1+ is named copper (I) Copper 2+ is named copper (II)

  11. Multivalent Compounds • The roman numeral indicates the ionic charge of the multivalent metal Eg: Copper (II) chloride 2+ 1- Copper (II) chlorine CuCl2

  12. Example: • Name this multivalent compound: • MnO2 • Write the formula for this multivalent compound • Copper (II) oxide

  13. Practice Naming & Writing Multivalent Ionic Compounds Platinum(IV) oxide Iron(III) sulfide Copper(I) oxide • TiF4 • Cr3P2 Sn3N4

  14. Stump your partner • On a sheet of paper, write down the chemical formula or name of 10 compounds • 5 should be ionic compounds • 5 should be multivalent ionic compounds • Switch papers with a partner and see if you can name or write the formula for their compounds!

  15. Magnesium Oxide • Aluminum Oxide Potassium Chloride Sodium Bromide • Lithium Oxide • Nickel (II) Phosphide • Zinc Oxide • Mercury (I) Oxide Cobalt (II) Oxide Iridium Nitride •  Li2O •  CaBr2 •  Ni3N2 KI • SnBr4 •  Al2S3 •  Cd3N2 •  Fe203 • CuCl • AuF

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