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MONITOREO CLIMATICO Y PERSPECTIVAS

MONITOREO CLIMATICO Y PERSPECTIVAS. SERVICIO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIA E HIDROLOGIA DEL PERU DIRECCION REGIONAL DE PIURA Dra . Ninell Dedios Mimbela Piura-Peru. Dirección Regional de Piura. Resùmen. Condiciones oceano – atmosferica Tendencias Componente Hidrologico

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MONITOREO CLIMATICO Y PERSPECTIVAS

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  1. MONITOREO CLIMATICO Y PERSPECTIVAS SERVICIO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIA E HIDROLOGIA DEL PERU DIRECCION REGIONAL DE PIURA Dra. NinellDediosMimbela Piura-Peru Dirección Regional de Piura

  2. Resùmen • Condiciones oceano – atmosferica • Tendencias • Componente Hidrologico • Componente Agrometeorologico • Proyeccion

  3. Recent Evolution of Equatorial Pacific SST Departures (oC) Time During January-February 2013, below-average SSTs were observed over the eastern half of the Pacific. Recently, SSTs have been near-average across much of the equatorial Pacific. Longitude

  4. Niño Region SST Departures (oC) Recent Evolution The latest weekly SST departures are: Niño 4 0.0ºC Niño 3.4 -0.3ºC Niño 3 -0.2ºC Niño 1+2 -0.9ºC

  5. COMPORTAMOENTO DE LAS REGIONES NIÑO

  6. SST Departures (oC) in the Tropical Pacific During the Last 4 Weeks • During the last 4-weeks, equatorial SSTs were above average in the far western Pacific, below average in the eastern Pacific, and near-average elsewhere.

  7. Global SST Departures (oC) During the last four weeks, equatorial SSTs were below average in the eastern Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, while above average SSTs were located in the far western Pacific.

  8. Weekly SST Departures (oC) for the Last Four Weeks • During the last month, negative SST anomalies weakened in the eastern Pacific Ocean, while positive SST anomalies persisted in the western Pacific. • Over the last month, positive changes in SST anomalies were observed in the eastern equatorial Pacific.

  9. Weekly Central & Eastern Pacific Upper-Ocean (0-300 m) Average Temperature Anomalies Subsurface temperatures were above-average from April – November 2012, and below average during December 2012 – May 2013. From June – September 2013, subsurface temperature anomalies were positive. Currently, subsurface temperatures are near average.

  10. Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) • The ONI is based on SST departures from average in the Niño 3.4 region, and is a principal measure for monitoring, assessing, and predicting ENSO. • Defined as the three-month running-mean SST departures in the Niño 3.4 region. Departures are based on a set of improved homogeneous historical SST analyses (Extended Reconstructed SST – ERSST.v3b). The SST reconstruction methodology is described in Smith et al., 2008, J. Climate, vol. 21, 2283-2296.) • Used to place current events into a historical perspective • NOAA’s operational definitions of El Niño and La Niña are keyed to the ONI index.

  11. NOAA Operational Definitions forEl Niño and La Niña El Niño: characterized by a positive ONI greater than or equal to +0.5ºC. La Niña: characterized by a negative ONI less than or equal to -0.5ºC. By historical standards, to be classified as a full-fledged El Niño or La Niña episode, these thresholds must be exceeded for a period of at least 5 consecutive overlapping 3-month seasons. CPC considers El Niño or La Niña conditions to occur when the monthly Niño3.4 OISST departures meet or exceed +/- 0.5°C along with consistent atmospheric features. These anomalies must also be forecasted to persist for 3 consecutive months.

  12. Historical El Niño and La Niña Episodes Based on the ONI computed using ERSST.v3b NOTE (Mar. 2012): The historical values of the ONI have slightly changed due to an update in the climatology. Please click here for more details on the methodology: Historical ONI Values

  13. Year DJF JFM FMA MAM AMJ MJJ JJA JAS ASO SON OND NDJ 2002 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.3 2003 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Recent Pacific warm (red) and cold (blue) episodes based on a threshold of +/- 0.5 oC for the Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) [3 month running mean of ERSST.v3b SST anomalies in the Nino 3.4 region (5N-5S, 120-170W)]. For historical purposes El Niño and La Niña episodes are defined when the threshold is met for a minimum of 5 consecutive over-lapping seasons. The complete table going back to DJF 1950 can be found by clicking: Historical ONI Values 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.8 1.0 -0.9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 1.0 0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.7 -1.5 -1.2 -1.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.5 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.4 0.6 1.6 1.3 1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 0.6 -1.4 -1.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -0.4 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2

  14. CPC/IRI Probabilistic ENSO Outlook(updated 5 September 2013) ENSO-neutral is favored through the Northern Hemisphere winter 2013-14.

  15. Pacific Niño 3.4 SST Outlook • Most models predict ENSO-neutral (-0.5ºC to +0.5ºC) continuing through Northern Hemisphere spring 2014. Figure provided by the International Research Institute (IRI) for Climate and Society (updated 18 September 2013).

  16. SST Outlook: NCEP CFS.v2 Forecast Issued 4 October 2013 The CFS.v2 ensemble mean (black dashed line) predicts ENSO-neutral conditions (warm side of neutral) through spring 2014.

  17. PRONOSTICO TRIMESTRAL

  18. PANORAMA AGROMETEOROLOGICO

  19. EVALUACIÓN DE LA HUMEDAD EN EL MES DE SEPTIEMBRE

  20. CONDICIONES DE LOS CULTIVOS EN LOS PRINCIPALES VALLES DE LAS REGIÓNES PIURA Y TUMBES Mango Aunque durante los días 10 y 11 de septiembre se registraron días críticos para el cultivo debido a que se reportaron las temperaturas más elevadas y más bajas en el mes (14.6ºC-35ºC). Fig. Desarrollo fenológico del cultivo en algunos sectores de producción de la región a Septiembre del 2013.

  21. Plátano Fig. N° 23. Distribución del banano en los principales sectores de la región al mes de Septiembre. En la región, existen 12,159 hectáreas (MINAG, 2013)

  22. C) Café El requerimiento térmico del cultivo se presentó acompañado de días con (temperaturas mínimas iguales e inferiores a los 10ºC ).

  23. d) Algarrobo

  24. i) limón 16,001 hectáreas (MINAG; 2013),. El requerimiento térmico se presenta adecuado sobre el desarrollo de la fase dominante de fructificación y maduración principalmente en Chulucanas Inicio de la segunda década del mes donde fue registrado un incremento máximo de la temperatura máxima.

  25. Mango Chulucanas Malacasi

  26. CAFE Fase grano Ayabaca

  27. TENDENCIAS AL MES DE OCTUBRE • Condiciones favorables sobre la fase floración e inflorescencia en las especies del género Prosopis sp, (algarrobo), influenciadas por el ligero incremento de las temperaturas máximas. • En la cuenca alta posibles precipitaciones muy dispersas generan impactos positivos sobre la regeneración natural de especies herbáceas y arbustivas. • La intensificación de vientos en la zona costera puede ocasionar caída de frutos y flores especialmente sobre frutales.

  28. La presencia de días nublados; parcialmente nublados de manera permanente en cultivos instalados en los sectores más cercanos al litoral del departamento de Piura (Piura, Sullana), podría afectar sobre la calidad del fruto en especial del mango. • Las especies instaladas en (Sechura, Paita y Talara) en especial algarrobo en fase de inicio de floración y/o inflorescencia podría verse impactada debido a la presencia de vientos fuertes.  • Se presentan condiciones favorables en cultivos instalados en Tambogrande, Chulucanas, Morropón y otras del Alto Piura, en especial maíz, frijol, vid principalmente. • Posibles caídas de flores y frutos en cultivos instalados por presencia de vientos fuertes en horas de la tarde.

  29. MONITOREO DE LA RADIACION ULTRAVIOLETA

  30. Radiación Ultravioleta Diaria Piura Huancabamba Tumbes

  31. PRONOSTICO A OCTUBRE DEL 2013

  32. Gracias

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