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NEED TO KNOW: Unit 2

NEED TO KNOW: Unit 2. Political Behavior. Chapter 4. US Political Culture. Political Culture. American Political Culture Liberty, Equality, Democracy, Civic Duty, Individual Responsibility ADVERSARIAL US vs. Other Nations Stronger sense of Civic Duty and Civic Competence

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NEED TO KNOW: Unit 2

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  1. NEED TO KNOW: Unit 2 Political Behavior

  2. Chapter 4 US Political Culture

  3. Political Culture • American Political Culture • Liberty, Equality, Democracy, Civic Duty, Individual Responsibility • ADVERSARIAL • US vs. Other Nations • Stronger sense of Civic Duty and Civic Competence • Less voting, but MORE participation • The Culture War – Orthodox vs. Progressive • Political Efficacy • Internal vs. External • Political Tolerance?

  4. Chapter 7 Public Opinion

  5. Polling • Polls can MEASURE or SHAPE political opinions • 5 steps of process • Universe, Sample, Valid Questions, Interview, Analyze Data • Flaws or errors can invalidate poll data • Random Sampling is most accurate

  6. Political Socialization • Sources of Socialization • Family #1 • Work, school, friends, church, groups, etc • Trends • Gender Gap: Women more liberal • Race: white more conservative, most minorities liberal (not most Asians or Cubans) • Social Class: Poor more liberal • Religion: Protestant Conservative, Catholic & Jew Liberal • Region: South & Midwest Conservative, West & NE Liberal

  7. Political Ideology Political Spectrum Personal Freedom Community Property Personal Rights Multiculturalism Big Government State Control Personal Property Public Good Nationalism Small Government VS Left-Wing: Liberal Right-Wing: Conservative Center: Moderate

  8. Chapter 8 Political Participation

  9. Voting • VAP (Voting Age Population) vs. VEP (Voting Eligible Population) vs. Registered Voters • Extending Suffrage in US • Stage 1: No Property Requirements • Stage 2: 15th Amendment (African-Americans) • Stage 3: 19th Amendment (Women) • Stage 4: Voting Rights Act of 1965 (No Literacy Tests) & 24th Amendment (No Poll Taxes) • Stage 5: 26th Amendment (18 year olds)

  10. Voter Turnout • US v. World: Very low compared to other nations • Causes of the Problem? • Low Political Efficacy, Apathy, difficult registration process • Registration • Motor Voter Law (effects have not been great) • PARTICIPATION • Voting not only way to participate • US low in Voter turnout but HIGH in other participation (campaigning, petitions, contacting govt officials, etc)

  11. Chapter 10 Elections and Campaigns

  12. Campaigns • Issues • Position vs. Valence • Retrospective vs. Prospective Voting • Coalition-Building • Combining different groups to support a candidate • Base v. Swing Voters • Base: Traditional supporters of Party (More Extreme Right or Left) • Swing: Undecided (More Moderate)

  13. Campaign Finance • Going up each election • Sources of Funds • Individual Contributions, PAC money, Fed Govt • Independent Expenditures & SuperPACs • Reforms • Federal Campaign Act of 1974 – Created FEC • McCain-Feingold Act (BCRA) – Limits on Contributions • Buckley v. Valeo& Citizens United v. FEC undermine laws

  14. Elections • Presidential vs. Congressional • More people vote in Prez elections • Prez elections more competitive • Incumbency Advantage & Sophomore Surge • Much greater in HoR • Why? • Pork-Barrel Legislation • Franking Privilege • Name-Recognition • PAC Money • Gerrymandering • Gerrymandering • Drawing district lines for political advantage • Baker v. Carr, Wesberry v. Sanders, Reynolds v. Sims

  15. Presidential Elections • Primary: Intra-Party Election to get nomination • Open, Closed, Blanket • Delegates selected in Primaries, Nomination officially given at Convention • Election Day • 1st Tuesday after 1st Monday in November • Electoral College • # of electors = # of HoR + # of SEN • 270 (majority) to win • Election is by state (winner take all) • 4 times, winner of popular vote doesn’t become Prez • If no majority, HoR picks Prez

  16. Court Cases to Know Baker v. Carr Wesberry v. Sanders Reynolds v. Sims Buckley v. Valeo McConnell v. FEC Citizens United v. FEC

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