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Understanding Acceleration: Concepts and Applications in Motion

This resource explores fundamental concepts of acceleration in physics, addressing whether acceleration occurs only with speed increases, the implications of constant velocity, and how acceleration is calculated. It examines various scenarios involving vehicles, including changes in speed over time and the relationship between speed, velocity, and acceleration. By comparing different cases, this guide aims to clarify when an object is accelerating and how to interpret acceleration measurements effectively. Ideal for students and enthusiasts seeking to strengthen their understanding of motion dynamics.

chandler-sanders
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Understanding Acceleration: Concepts and Applications in Motion

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  1. & / or & / or & / or

  2. 20. True or False: Acceleration ONLY occurs if the speed INCREASES • True • False • Not enough info to say • Not sure

  3. 21. If velocity in a vehicle is CONSTANT, is the vehicle accelerating? • Yes • No • Not enough info to say • Not sure

  4. 22. Suppose you are driving a car at a constant velocity of 50 mi/h. What is your acceleration? • 0 • Less than 50, but not 0 • More than 50 • Not enough info to say • Not sure

  5. 23. Suppose a car moving in a straight line steadily increases its speed each second, first from 35 to 40 km/h, then from 40 to 45 km/h, then from 45 to 50 km/h, What is its acceleration? • 0 • 5 km/h s • Less than 5 km/h s • More than5 km/h s • Not sure

  6. 24. In 5 seconds a car moving in a straight line increases its speed from 50 km/h to 65 km/h. During those same 5 seconds, a truck goes from rest to 15 km/h. Which has the larger acceleration? • Car • Truck • Same • Not sure

  7. 25. Is it possible to be moving but not accelerating? • Yes • No • Not enough info to say • Not sure

  8. 26. Why is it that an object can accelerate while traveling at constant speed, but not at constant velocity? Because it can travel at a constant speed and CHANGE DIRECTION (accelerating!) But…constant velocity means it’s not changing velocity, and therefore not accelerating

  9. 27. Light travels in a straight line at a constant speed of 300,000 km/s. What is the light´s acceleration? • 0 • Less than 300,000 but not 0 • More than 300,000 • Not enough info to say • Not sure

  10. 28. Which has more acceleration when moving in a straight line- a car increasing its speed from 50 to 60 km/hr, or a bicycle that goes from zero to 10 km/hr in the same time? • Car • Bike • Same • Not enough info to say • Not sure

  11. Now, take out your HW from last night…POGIL • 4 minutes to check, correct, ask questions, and get the help you need.

  12. Now, take out your HW from 2 nights ago… p. 25, #9-14 • a = -10 m/s2 or -10m/s.s in a straight line (**Slowing down negative acceleration!**) • a = 2 mi/h.s east (Speeding up  +acceleration!) • Final velocity = 100 m/s in a straight line • Initial velocity = 20 m/s in a straight line **CAREFUL! Your units MUST MATCH on both sides of the equation! USE DA!** Is the final velocity even reasonable? NO WAY! The final velocity is 140 m/s which is about 313 miles per hour!

  13. 9. What quantity describes how quickly you change how fast you’re traveling, or how quickly you change direction? • Speed • Velocity • Acceleration • Distance • Displacement • Not sure

  14. 10. Acceleration is the rate at which what CHANGES?? • Speed • Velocity • Acceleration • Distance • Displacement • Not sure

  15. 11. What is the acceleration of a car that travels in a straight line at a constant speed of 100 km/h in 10 s? • 0 • 10 km/hs in a straight line • 100 km/hs in a straight line • 1000 km/hs in a straight line • Answer is not listed • Not sure

  16. 12. What is the acceleration of a car moving along a straight-line path that increases its speed from zero to 100 km/h in 10s? • 0 • 10 km/hs in a straight line • 100 km/hs in a straight line • 1000 km/hs in a straight line • Answer is not listed • Not sure

  17. 13. By how much does the speed of a vehicle moving in a straight line change each second when it is accelerating at… 2 km/ h/s? At 4 km/h/s? At 10 km/h/s? 2 km/h 4 km/h 10 km/h

  18. 14. Why does the unit of time enter twice in the unit of acceleration? Because acceleration is a rate of a rate. Or, once for velocity and again for accleration Etc.

  19. LABS Returned • In lab groups, you are to review the comments on the graded copy together • You must ALL make corrections on your OWN PAPERS for complete • (the notes become your study tool for the TEST, and an aid during QUIZZES) • Project Managers can ask me questions about the grading if needed. • You are also getting quizzes back – please MAKE CORRECTIONS for the same reasons as above!

  20. 1 m/s 5 s • 1 m/s to the right, because… • constant velocity • Or not speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction • Or we are told to neglect friction, so no increase or decrease in velocity ETC..

  21. Distance = the quantity: initial velocity multiplied by time. This is added to the quantity: one half the acceleration multiplied by the square of the time

  22. If something starts from REST…how can this equation be simplified? d = ½ a(Δt)2 Distance = the quantity: one half the acceleration multiplied by the square of the time

  23. Do you notice a pattern with the velocities? Increasing by 2m/s EACH SECOND

  24. ID Name Class Date

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