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Fall Protection in the Construction Industry

Fall Protection in the Construction Industry. 1926 Standards – Subpart M Who falls under the 1926 Standards? Based upon activity, not industry. Fall Distances. Under Subpart M If exposed to a distance of 6 feet or greater Falls into hazardous operations or equipment, impalement hazards

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Fall Protection in the Construction Industry

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  1. Fall Protection in the Construction Industry • 1926 Standards – Subpart M • Who falls under the 1926 Standards? • Based upon activity, not industry

  2. Fall Distances • Under Subpart M • If exposed to a distance of 6 feet or greater • Falls into hazardous operations or equipment, impalement hazards • Less than 6 feet above by guardrail systems or by equipment guards • Subpart M does not apply to ladders, scaffolds, steel erection industry

  3. Conventional Forms of Fall Protection • Employers must examine the feasibility of conventional forms of fall protection first • Safety nets • Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS) • Guardrails • If the employer can show the conventional forms are infeasible, then they can go with a safety monitor and a fall protection plan • Test for “Infeasibility” • Places workers at a greater risk for a fall hazard

  4. SAFETY NETS • COMMON IN BRIDGE WORK AND STEEL ERECTION • MAXIMUM DISTANCE DOWN TO NET IS 30 FEET • MINIMUM HORIZONTAL DISTANCE AWAY FROM STRUCTURE

  5. TEST SAFETY NETS • DROP TEST • AFTER INSTALLATION • AFTER REPAIRS • EVERY 6 MONTHS • 400 POUND BAG OF SAND • If testing is not feasible or practicable, certify, based on information received from a qualified person, that the net and net installation meet all specified criteria • KEEP RECORDS

  6. Low Sloped Roofs • Low-slope roof means a roof having a slope less than or equal to 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal)

  7. Low Sloped Roofs • "Roofing work on Low-slope roofs • Unprotected sides and edges 6 feet or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, safety net systems, personal fall arrest systems, or a combination of warning line system and guardrail system, warning line system and safety net system, or warning line system and personal fall arrest system, or warning line system and safety monitoring system.

  8. Steep Roofs • Steep roof means a roof having a slope greater than 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal).

  9. Steep roofs • Employees on a steep roof with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems with toeboards, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems

  10. Residential Construction • Employees engaged in residential construction activities 6 feet or more above lower levels shall be protected by guardrail systems, safety net system, or personal fall arrest system unless an alternative fall protection measure applies.

  11. Residential Construction • When the employer can demonstrate that it is infeasible or creates a greater hazard to use these systems, the employer shall develop and implement a fall protection plan which meets 1926.502.

  12. Residential Construction Definition • Framing materials: Wood (or equivalent cold-formed sheet metal stud) framing, not steel or concrete; wooden floor joists and roof structures. • Exterior wall structure: Wood (or equivalent cold-formed sheet metal stud) framing or masonry brick or block. • Methods: Traditional wood frame construction techniques.

  13. Compliance Guidance for Residential Construction • STD 03-11-002: Compliance Guidance for Residential Construction • Defines “residential construction” • Deletes previous compliance guidance • Establishes OSHA citation policies

  14. Precast Concrete Erection • Employees engaged in the erection of precast concrete members who are 6 feet or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems, unless an alternative fall protection measure is allowed • Infeasibility Exception applies. Fall protection plan required.

  15. What does “Infeasible” mean? • There is a presumption that it is feasible and will not create a greater hazard to implement at least one of the above-listed fall protection systems. • The employer has the burden of establishing that it is appropriate to implement a fall protection plan which complies with 1926.502(k) for a particular workplace situation, in lieu of implementing any of those systems.

  16. PERSONAL FALL ARREST SYSTEMS • COMMON IN ALL TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION • BODY HARNESS WITH D RING • Body belts only used as positioning devices • Must use equipment which meets ANSI standards

  17. PFAS System

  18. PERSONAL FALL ARREST SYSTEMS • LANYARDS AND SAFETY LINES • 5,000 LBS STRENGTH • ANCHOR POINTS • QUALIFIED PERSON MUST DETERMINE • 5,000 LBS or safety factor of 2 if under supervision of qualified person • MAXIMUM FREE FALL DISTANCE WITH EQUIPMENT ON IS 6 FEET • Maximum deceleration distance with a lanyard is 3 ½ feet • Self Retracting Lanyards • Must catch within 2 feet or less

  19. Determining Anchor Point Height • Height of the worker • 6 feet - freefall distance • 3 ½ feet - deceleration distance • 3-4 feet - safety factor (According to manufacturer) • Sum of the distances tells you lowest anchor point • If fall protection is required at 6 feet, then how does a PFAS system work then?

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