GROUP ACTIVITY FOR

1. GROUP ACTIVITY FOR FA-4 2010-2011 MOSQUITO AS A DISEASE CARIER

2. GROUP LEADER-SHEIFALI SINGH GROUP MEMBERS INCLUDE- .1 SHIVAM SINGH .2 RAJU CHAKRABORTY .3 PRITHA GHOSH.4 SHEIFALI SINGH.5 POOJA .6 SHALINI

3. INTRODUCTION SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION KINGDOM-ANIMALIA CLASS-INSECTA ORDER-DIPTERA FAMILY-CULICIDAE GENUS-CULEX DIVERSITY-1216 SPECIES Culex is a genus of mosquito, and is important in that severalspecies severe as vector of important DISEASES,SUCH AS WEST NILE VIRUS,FILARIASISAND AVIAN MALARIA. THE ADULT MOSQUITO CAN MEASURE FROM 4-10mm, AND MORPHOLOGICALLY HAS THE THREE BODYPARTS COMMON TO INSECTS: HEAD, THORAX, ABDOMEN,AS A FLY, IT HAS ONE PAIR OF WINGS.

5. DISEASES BY CULEX A LIST OF DISEASES CAUSED BY CULEX ARE-.1 ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS.2 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS.3 LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS .4 WEST NILE VIRUS CULEX MOSQUITOES ARE PAINFUL AND PERSISTANTBITERS ALSO, BUT PREFER TO ATTAC AT DUSK AND AFTER DARK, AND READILY ENTER DWELLING FOR BLOOD MEALS. DOMESTIC AND WILD BIRD ARE PREFERRED OVER MAN,COWS,AND HORSES.CULEX CAUSE TARSALIS ENCEPHALITIS (SLEEPING ILLNESS)TO MAN AND HORSE. CULEX ARE GENERALLY WEAK FLIERS. ONLY FEMALE MOSQUITOES BITE ANIMALS AND DRINK BLOOD. MOSTLY, DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY FEMALE MOSQUITOES.

6. Symptoms (FILARIASIS) . Elephantiasis - painful, disfiguring swelling of the limbs - is a classic sign of late-stage disease. There are three basic disease stages: 1. Asymptomatic: patients have hidden damage to the lymphatic system and kidneys. 2. Acute: attacks of 'filarial fever' (pain and inflammation of lymph nodes and ducts, often accompanied by fever, nausea and vomiting) increase with severity of chronic disease. 3. Chronic: may cause elephantiasis and hydrocoele (swelling of the scrotum) in males or enlarged breasts in females Prevention and control The global elimination strategy has two major components: Mass administration of drugs to 'at-risk' populations with once-a-year, one-day treatment (to interrupt transmission) Promotion of rigorous, simple hygiene techniques for lymph oedema (to alleviate and prevent suffering of affected individuals). Interruption of transmission by the use of insecticides Lymphatic filariasis used to be treated with a 12-day treatment regimen using the drug diethylcarbamazine (DEC), but recent work has shown that a single dose of DEC is equally effective. Ivermectin has also been registered for treatment of filariasis, and albendazole was shown to have additional antifilarial effects. 

7. Mosquito Management Around the Home Eliminate standing water in low spots, ditches, gutters and similar areas. Empty weekly or remove receptacles that collect rainwater (bird baths, old tires). Mosquito netting and tight screens can provide mosquito-free areas. Some mosquitoes are attracted to lights. Reduce unnecessary lighting to make yards less attractive. "Bug zappers" do not reduce mosquito landing or biting. They attract and kill many insects but few are mosquitoes that attack humans. Many of the insects killed are beneficial because they feed on Garden pests. Ultrasonic devices, such as those that claim to mimic dragonflies, do not affect mosquito activity. Light-colored clothing is less attractive to adult mosquitoes. Tightly woven fabrics give some protection against biting. Citronella and "Avon Skin So Soft" can be used for short periods of relief. Some naphthalene products (such as "Mosquito Beater") can be broadcast in yards for temporary relief from adult mosquitoes. Adult mosquitoes rest in shrubbery and other shaded areas during the day. These areas can be treated with approved insecticides. Foggers for flying insects can also be used, but will provide only short-term relief. Various aerosol insecticides are available for controlling mosquitoes indoors.