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Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MS Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine

Do You Know Where Your Bull Is? Do You Know Your Bull’s Physical and Fertility Conditions? Do You Know the Importance of Breeding Soundness Evaluation?. Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MS Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine Texas A&M University

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Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MS Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine

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  1. Do You Know Where Your Bull Is?Do You Know Your Bull’s Physical and Fertility Conditions?Do You Know the Importance of Breeding Soundness Evaluation? Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MS Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine Texas A&M University http://extesionvetmed.tamu.edu

  2. Do You Know Where Your Bull Is? • He’s not staying with the cows. • He’s not serving the cows.

  3. He’snot staying with the cows. • In the shade • Lying down • Unable to find cow in heat • He’s gone

  4. In the shade: • pinkeye • cancer eye • fat • hot • lazy • tired • low libido

  5. Lying down: • thin, weak, tired, low libido • foot crack, foot corn, foot rot, toe fracture, long toes • bursitis (hip, stifle, hock, ankle, shoulder, spine) • fever (sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, pleursy, peritonitis, abscess, gastroenteritis, orchitis) • anemia (lepto, anaplas)

  6. Unable to find cow in heat: • pinkeye • cancer eye • sinusitis

  7. He’s gone: • no grass • no cows in heat

  8. He’s not serving the cows. • Unable to mate • Unable to ejaculate • Unable to conceive

  9. Unable to mate: • foot problem • bursitis • penis problem (infection, hair ring, broken penis, warts, frenulum, spiral penis) • sheath problem (infection, prolapse)

  10. Unable to ejaculate: • seminal vesiculitis • scrotal hernia

  11. Unable to conceive: • low sperm count (inherited small testicles, orchitis, epididymitis, scrotal adhesions, pointed scrotal shape, straight scrotal shape, fat, thin, inheritable) • low sperm motility (inheritable) • high abnormal sperm (inheritable)

  12. Do You Know Your Bull’s Physical and Fertility Conditions? • You make observations and evaluations. • Your scoring criteria. • Have a veterinarian conduct a breeding soundness evaluation (BSE). • Scoring criteria for BSE by veterinarian. • Rating of BSE by veterinarian.

  13. You make observations and evaluations. • physical observation • serving observation • bull to cow ratio evaluation • pregnancy evaluation

  14. Physical observation: • injury • lameness • illness • conformation abnormalities • penile abnormalities

  15. Serving observation: • ability to mate • ability to ejaculate • libido and serving capacity

  16. Bull to Cow ratio evaluation: • 1:10 to 1:60

  17. Pregnancy evaluation: • 60 – 100%

  18. Your scoring criteria. • normal physical observations • able to mate (physical and learning factors) • able to ejaculate • moderate to high libido and serving capacity

  19. Moderate to high libido and serving capacity: • genetically influenced • unrelated to semen quality and masculinity • 1 or more services in 1 cow in 10 to 15 minutes • 3 or more services in 4 cows in 40 minutes

  20. Have a veterinarian conduct a breeding soundness evaluation (BSE). • one to two months before and immediately after breeding season. • external physical examination: • internal physical examination: • semen evaluation:

  21. External physical examination: • age • teeth • flesh cover • nose • eyes • feet • legs

  22. External physical examination: • prepuce • penis • frenulum • testicles (size, shape, consistency) • cords • epididymis • scrotum (shape, free)

  23. Internal physical examination: • seminal vesicles • inguinal rings

  24. Semen evaluation: • sperm motility • sperm morphology

  25. Scoring criteria for BSE by veterinarian. • physical examination • scrotal circumference • sperm motility • sperm normality

  26. Physical examination: • normal

  27. Scrotal circumference: • 15 months – 30 cm minimum • 24 months – 33 cm minimum

  28. Sperm motility: • 30% minimum

  29. Sperm normality: • 70% minimum

  30. Rating of BSE by veterinarian. • satisfactory potential breeder • classification deferred • unsatisfactory potential breeder

  31. Do You Know the Importance of BSE? • High breeding ratio. • High conception rate. • Short breeding season. • Short calving season. • Heifer progeny.

  32. High breeding ratio. • 1:40 to 1:60

  33. High conception rate. • greater than 90%

  34. Short breeding season. • less than 3 months

  35. Short calving season. • increased total weaning weight

  36. Heifer progeny. • younger puberty age • regular heat cycles • greater lifetime productivity

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