1 / 8

Understanding Motion in 1-D: Displacement, Velocity, Speed

Learn about motion in 1-D, including displacement, velocity, and speed. Understand how to calculate displacement, differentiate between positive and negative displacement, and grasp the concepts of instantaneous speed and velocity. Discover how to interpret graphs and identify the direction of movement.

charissa-santana
Télécharger la présentation

Understanding Motion in 1-D: Displacement, Velocity, Speed

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. PH 201 Dr. Cecilia Vogel Lecture 1

  2. OUTLINE • Motion in 1-D • position • displacement • velocity • speed

  3. -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Motion Along a Line • Like a number line. • Position of object is where it is on the number line • Choose an origin – zero position • Choose a positive direction • Forexample, position is positive when object is to right of origin

  4. -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Displacement • Displacement is change in position. • final position – initial position:Dx = xf - xi • Object’s displacement is positive if • final position > initial position • object moved in the positive direction Positive displacement: Negative displacement: from -3 to -1 from 1 to 3 from -1 to -3 from 3 to 1

  5. -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 More on Displacement • Displacement only depends on xf & xi • Doesn’t matter what happens in between • Ex: Object moves from -1 to -3 then to 0. • Overall displacement is 0-(-1) = +1 • Displacement may be positive even tho part of the motion is in the negative direction.

  6. -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 More on Displacement • Displacement only depends on xf & xi • Doesn’t matter what happens in between • Ex: Object moves from -1 to +3 then to -1. • Overall displacement is (-1)-(-1) = 0 • Displacement of zero does not mean the object didn’t move.

  7. Instantaneous Speed and velocity • Instantaneous speed is how fast object is going at an instant in time • Always positive • Instantaneous velocity is speed and direction • (instantaneous) speed =the magnitude of the (instantaneous) velocity.

  8. Summary • Positive velocity • Moving forward • Value of position, x, increasing • Slope of x vs. t is positive • Negative velocity • Moving backward • Value of position, x, decreasing • Slope of x vs. t is negative • Zero velocity • Stopped (maybe just for an instant) • Occurs any time motion changes direction • x vs. t graph is horizontal (maybe just for an instant)

More Related