Unit 3 Writing Modes:

1. Unit 3 Writing Modes: or Organizing a Paper

2. Question: What are “writing modes”? • Provide patterns for writing • Sentences • Paragraphs • Papers • Match organization to purpose • Cause and Effect • Comparison and Contrast • Process Analysis

3. Cause and effect • Cause and effect – Explains or analyzes the causes and effects of something • Cause  Effect • Multiple causes  Effect • Cause(s)  Multiple effects • Chain of causes (one thing leads to another, which leads to another…) Rube Goldberg machines

4. Cause and effect • Cause and effect signals • Because… • If… then…. • As a result…. • Cause and effect structures

5. Comparison and/or Contrast • Compare – Show likenesses • Contrast– Show differences • Sometimes teachersask for one when theywant both. Orange Half Citrus Red Whole Pome Round Fruits Seeds

6. Comparison/contrast structure Organize bywhat’s compared Apples Shape Color Oranges Shape Color Organize bystandard of comparison Shape Apple Orange Color Apple Orange Comparison/contrast • Comparison and/or contrast signals • Likewise… However… • Similarly… In contrast… • In the same way… On the other hand…

7. Process • Process Analysis – Explains how something is done, made, or works, or how it came to be • Great examples on HowStuffWorks.com

8. Process Signals • Process Analysis: Although photography is a complex process, the amateur version of this art usually involves simple steps. First, the photographer loads the film into an analog camera. Next, the person behind the camera arranges the desired image, makes sure the flash is engaged and film advanced if necessary, and presses the shutter button. Finally, when the film roll is complete, the photographer takes the film to a developing lab and awaits the results. • Other signals: • Before… • During… • After… • Later… • While… or as…

9. Mix-and-match Modes • Use one mode within another Process Paper: Photography Step 1: Choose a subject. Step 2: Decide between film or digital Comparison/Contrast Film vs. Digital