Service Oriented Grid Architecture

1. Service Oriented Grid Architecture Hui Li ICT in Business Colloquium, LIACS Mar 1st, 2006 Note: Part of this presentation is based on Dr. Ian Foster’s talks (http://www-fp.mcs.anl.gov/~foster/talks.htm)

2. Outline • Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) • Stateful Grid Services - WSRF • Grid Dynamics • Security • Resource Management • System Level Science • Business on Demand, Adaptive Enterprises • Discussions, Assignments

3. Service Oriented Architecture • A service-oriented architecture is essentially a collection of services. These services communicate with each other. The communication can involve either simple data passing or it could involve two or more services coordinating some activity. Some means of connecting services to each other is needed. • Distributed Computing Technology: DCOM, CORBA • Web Services (SOAP, UDDI, WSDL, XML, XACML, etc)

4. An Enterprise View

5. Grid and SOA – A Brief History • `95-`02: I-Way, Globus, NASA IPG • `02- : Globus 2 Toolkit, EDG (EGEE, LCG), Grid3/OSG, Scientific Communities • `03- : Globus 3, OGSA, Web Services, Industry Sponsors, GGF • `04- : Globus 4, WSRF, Grid Services, Virtual Organizations, Communities, Social Dynamics, GGF

6. Reality -> Vision • Heterogeneity -> Virtualization • Diversity -> Standards • Isolated -> Interoperable • Tightly-coupled -> Loosely-coupled • Manual -> Automated • … … Toolkit based? Service Oriented!

7. Why Grid? • Leveraging existing web services standards and fabric • WSRF – building stateful Grid services • Other standards contributions • Grid services for distributed resource sharing • Resource Management, Security, Information Services, Data Management, Programming Environments, etc

8. WSRF – Stateful Services • Standard Web Services are stateless FileTransferService Client move (A to B) move • Without state, how does client: • Determine what happened (success/failure)? • Find out how many files completed? • Receive updates when interesting events arise? • Terminate a request?

9. Resource RPs WSRF in a Nutshell • Service • State representation • Resource • Resource Property • State identification • Endpoint Reference • State Interfaces • GetRP, QueryRPs, GetMultipleRPs, SetRP • Lifetime Interfaces • SetTerminationTime • ImmediateDestruction • Notification Interfaces • Subscribe • Notify • ServiceGroups Service GetRP GetMultRPs EPR EPR EPR SetRP QueryRPs Subscribe SetTermTime Destroy

10. Retro… • Service Oriented Architecture • Grid adopts SOA • Grid uses Web Services as a platform • Stateful Grid Services • http://gdp.globus.org/gt4-tutorial/

11. What the Grid looks like in 5 years? • Panel discussion in Grid’05, Seattle, WA • Fran Berman (SDSC): Data -> Social Dynamics

12. Grid Dynamics • Grid = dynamic behaviors & environments • Dynamic communities (VOs) & activities • Decoupling of service consumption from service production • Dynamic provisioning of services • Tools to realize dynamic scenarios • Uniform state representation & access • Flexible security & policy framework • Virtual machines, dynamic services, & other building blocks

13. Users Discovery tools Analysis tools Data Archives Fig: S. G. Djorgovski A Two-Dimensional Problem Function • Decompose across network • Clients integrate dynamically • Select & compose services • Select “best of breed” providers • Publish result as new services • Decouple resource & service providers Resource

14. Provisioning Service-Oriented Systems:The Role of Grid Infrastructure • Service-oriented Gridinfrastructure • Provision physicalresources to support application workloads Users • Service-oriented applications • Wrap applications as services • Compose applicationsinto workflows Composition Workflows Invocation ApplnService ApplnService “The Many Faces of IT as Service”, ACM Queue, Foster, Tuecke, 2005

15. Forming & Operating Communities • Define membership & roles; enforce laws & community standards • I.e., policy for service-oriented architecture • Addressing dynamic membership & policy • Build, buy, operate, & share infrastructure • Decouple consumer & provider • For data, programs, services, computing, storage, instruments • Address dynamics of community demand

16. A B 1 1 10 10 1 A B 1 2 1 2 16 Defining Community: Membership and Laws • Identify VO participants and roles • For people and services • Specify and control actions of members • Empower members  delegation • Enforce restrictions  federate policy Effective Access Policy of site to community Access granted by community to user Site admission-control policies

17. Evolution of Grid Security & Policy • 1) Grid security infrastructure • Public key authentication & delegation • Access control lists (“gridmap” files) •  Limited set of policies can be expressed • 2) Utilities to simplify operational use, e.g. • MyProxy: online credential repository • VOMS, ACL/gridmap management •  Broader set of policies, but still ad-hoc • 3) General, standards-based framework for authorization & attribute management

18. Security Services for VO Policy • Attribute Authority (ATA) • Issue signed attribute assertions (incl. identity, delegation & mapping) • Authorization Authority (AZA) • Decisions based on assertions & policy VOUser A Delegation Assertion User B can use Service A Resource Admin Attribute VO AZA VO ATA VO-A Attr  VO-B Attr Mapping ATA VO Member Attribute VOUser B VO Member Attribute VO A Service VO B Service

19. Trust in VOs • Do I “believe” an attribute assertion? • Used to evaluate cost vs. benefit of performing an operation • E.g., perform untrusted operation with extra auditing • Look at attributes of assertion signer • Rooting trust • Externally recognized source, e.g., CA • Dynamically via VO structure  delegation • Dynamically via alternative sources, e.g., reputation

20. Retro… • Dynamic communities • Users and Virtual Organizations • Security (Authentication, Authorization) • Trust, CA, Federation • http://www.globus.org/toolkit/security/

21. Build, buy, operate, & share infrastructure 1) Integrate services from other sources Virtualize external services as VO services 2) Coordinate & compose Create new services from existing ones Community Content Services Provider Services Capacity Provider Capacity “Service-Oriented Science”, Foster, 2005

22. Embedded Resource Management:E.g., EGEE & OSG Client-side VO Admin Deleg Deleg GRAM GRAM Cluster Resource Manager Headnode Resource Manager VOUser VOUser Monitoring and control VO Job Deleg GRAM Cluster Resource Manager Other Services VO Scheduler . . . • VO admin delegates credentials to be used by downstream VO services. • VO admin starts the required services. • VO jobs comes in directly from the upstream VO Users • VO job gets forwarded to the appropriate resource using the VO credentials • Computational job started for VO VO Job

23. System-Level Science Problems too large &/or complex to tackle alone …

25. Business on Demand • The Big Blue’s Vision for next generation computing • Power architecture, Cell processor • Carbon Nanotubes • Services, Utilities, and Grids

26. Case Study: IBM WS On-Demand

27. Oceano (1)

28. Oceano (2)

29. Retro… • Virtualization • Decomposition • Integration • SLA

30. Assignments • Programming Java Web Services • Writing a Report in the following topics: • Resource Management • Security • Information Services • Data Management • OGSA and Web Services

31. Discussions • Questions? • More info @ • http://www.liacs.nl/~hli/courses/grid2005/lucgrid-resources.htm