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This article explores the evolution of health care from early human practices to modern medicine, highlighting key milestones. We delve into ancient healing methods among early humans, Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans, detailing the use of herbs, surgery, and sanitation. The transition through the Dark Ages to the Renaissance marks significant changes in medical understanding, leading to groundbreaking discoveries in the 18th and 19th centuries. The impact of notable figures such as Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur is emphasized, showcasing how these advancements shaped contemporary health care practices.
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INTRODUCTION: The History of Health Care
Early Beginnings Early humans were ________________ Survival depended on protecting against predators& finding food They were superstitious and believed illness/diseases was caused by _______ Tribal doctors would attempt to heal through ________________ ___was used to expel demons from the head
Early Beginnings • Some used ___and ___ as medicine, the following are still used today • Digitalis • Quinine • Belladonna • Morphine • Medications today are given via many routes, such as ___ • Back then, they were predominately ___ ___ and/or ___ onto the skin
DIGITALIS FOXGLOVE PLANT
ATROPINE BELLADONNA
MORPHINE POPPY PLANT
Medicine in Ancient Times:the Egyptians earliest people to keep ___ They were ___ -called upon gods for healing Identified certain diseases ___ acted as physicians Used ___ for healing Splinted ___ Treated disorders by ___ & ___
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/28332-discover-magazine-leech-therapy-video.htmhttp://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/28332-discover-magazine-leech-therapy-video.htm
Medicine in Ancient Times: the Chinese Were the first to use primitive ___(as early as the Stone Age) Treated illness/disease with ___ tools
Medicine in Ancient Time: the Greeks Medicine was an ___ and a profession First to study the ___ of illness and determine it was ___ and not spiritual They kept ___ on what they observe and what they thought caused the illness The knew importance of ___ Developed the use of ___ and herbal therapies
Medicine in Ancient Times: the Greeks Religious customs didn’t allow for ___ ___ the father of medicine, 469-377BC) based his knowledge of ___ and ___ on observation of the ___ body
Medicine in Ancient Times: the Greeks He kept note of signs and symptoms of many diseases and noted disease wasn’t from supernatural forces Wrote the standard of ethics called the _________________________
Medicine in Ancient Times: the Romans First to develop a sanitation system Developed aqueducts, ___, and public baths with ___ systems
Medicine in Ancient Times: the Romans First to organize medical care Developed ___; roman physicians kept a room for the ill in their homes Physicians were paid by the ___ Wore spice beaks
the Dark Ages (AD 400-800) &the Middle Ages (AD 800-1400) • Medicine was only practiced in ___ and ___ • Care was custodial and treatment attempt was ___ Medicine was stopped for nearly 1000 years d/t the Roman Empire being conquered by nomads
the Dark Ages (AD 400-800) &the Middle Ages (AD 800-1400) We now have ___ to prevent the diseases once the blame for the epidemics Millions of deaths at this time were a result of ___ (Bubonic/Black Plague)
The Renaissance (AD1350-1650) The rebirth of ___ Universities and meds schools for research Didn’t accept disease as the will of God- sought further explanations
The Renaissance ___ developed allowing for books to be published- accessible knowledge ___ was accepted
The 16th and 17th Century ___ studied and recorded anatomy of the human body (artist- Vitruvian Man)
The 16th and 17th Century Gabriele Fallopius discovered the ___
The 16th and 17th Century Bartolommeo Eustachio Discovered the ___; (connects the ear to throat)
The 16th and 17th Century Antonie van Leeuwenhoek invented the ___ (first discovered ___ bacteria)
The 16th and 17th Century Apothecaries* started
The 18th Century Classroom, labs, and observation at the ___.
The 18th Century Students performed ____.
The 18th Century First female physician ___.
The 18th Century The first ___was invented by Rene Laennec
The 18th Century O2 was discovered and it was found that ___ required it.
The 18th Century "People often catch cold from one another when shut up together in small close rooms, coaches, &c. and when sitting near and conversing so as to breathe in each other's transpiration." ___ created bifocals and discovered cold transmission.
The 18th Century Edward Jenner discovered the method of vaccination for small pox; the ideaof ___ public health followed.
19th and 20th Century ___ and cleanliness became accepted
19th and 20th Century ___ ( “Father of Microbiology) discovered tiny microorganisms were everywhere and caused disease. He also discovered ___ and created a vaccine for rabies in 1885.
19th and 20th Century • ___ used carbolic acid on wounds to kill germs; • first to use ___ in surgery • ___ was developed
19th and 20th Century ___ developed the culture plate method and isolated the bacterium causing ___
19th and 20th Century ___ were discovered (allowed us to see internal structures using radiography)
19th and 20th Century ___ was discovered by using nitrous oxide, ether, and chloroform
19th and 20thCentury Dmitri Ivanovski discovered diseases that couldn’t be seen with the modern microscope (___)
19th and 20th Century Sigmund Freud discovered the conscious and unconscious and the effects on the body (psychosomatic illness); ___ and ___ evolved
19th and 20th Century ___ was discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming
19th and 20th Century Discovery of the dead polio vaccine and later the live polio vaccine (>effective)
