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Volcanoes for Homebase 14 Superstars!

Volcanoes for Homebase 14 Superstars!. What is in a Volcano?. A volcano is a opening in the earth’s crust that allows hot magma and ash through to the surface Deep under the volcano is a magma chamber, which contains liquid rock (magma), crystals and dissolved gases

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Volcanoes for Homebase 14 Superstars!

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  1. Volcanoes for Homebase 14 Superstars!

  2. What is in a Volcano? • A volcano is a opening in the earth’s crust that allows hot magma and ash through to the surface • Deep under the volcano is a magma chamber, which contains liquid rock (magma), crystals and dissolved gases • Some of the gases are water, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide. There are many other gases too!

  3. How are Mountains and Volcanoes Different? • A volcano is formed above magma below the Earth’s surface. There are many different types of volcanoes. Some form large cones like Ngauruhoe, and some form large calderas like Lake Taupo. Volcanoes are hot systems. • Mountains form when two plates collide and push up the Earth’s crust. Mountains are cold systems.

  4. Active volcanoes often do not have trees or animals living on them. This is because things don’t have enough time to grow between eruptions. Some volcanoes are often covered by snow for half the year Mt. Ruapehu

  5. Rocks Inside Volcanoes • If rocks are close to the magma body they heat up and eventually melt, forming more magma. • Rocks that are further away are heated up but do not melt, they become metamorphic rocks. When limestone is heated up it becomes marble! • When the magma cools it forms rocks like basalt

  6. Exploding Volcanoes! • Many volcanoes have erupted in New Zealand including the famous Tarawera eruption in 1886 that destroyed the Pink And White Terraces • When there is too much gas inside the magma chamber, the magma rises to the surface and explodes through the volcano opening • The explosion fires out hot rock, ash and toxic gases

  7. Volcanic Rocks • Volcanic eruptions produce many different types of rocks including pumice and obsidian • Obsidian is glass, it is formed when magma is erupted and cools super fast. It is made up of the same material as pumice!

  8. Why I Like Rocks and Geology • When you cut a fine sliver of rock and look at it with a special microscope you can see the shapes of the crystals. They appear in many pretty colours!

  9. There are many different rocks formed in a huge number of processes • These include crystals and ores • It’s fun discovering how these processes work • I especially like looking at the chemistry of rocks to help me. I can use graphs like Phase Diagrams

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