PREAMBLE OF Analog & DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

1. PREAMBLE OFAnalog &DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

2. PREAMBLE STRUCTURE • HOLLISTIC FIX • KEY CONCEPT • KEY RESEARCH AREA • KEY APPLICATION • INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION RESEARCH • HOW WE STUDY • KEY JOBS • PROJECTS ONE CAN DO • TRENDS INDEX

3. PREMBLE STRUCTURE 3

4. 1. NAME OF THE INSTRUCTOR- JEETU RAINA 2. CABIN LOCATION- 04 Faculty Cabin EE Deptt. 3. TELEPHONENO.- 9927830077 4. EMAIL-ID- tec606.aec 5. MEETING HOURS–Faculty should provide 1 hour on all week days preferably between extended lunch break. TEACHERS INTRODUCTION

5. PREREQUISITES • Basic Knowledge of signals & systems • Basic Knowledge of Logarithms (Before 12th standard) • (12th standard) • Basic Knowledge of Probability. • Usage of Probability & its applications HOLLISTIC FIX OF ANALOG & DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

6. HOLLISTIC FIX………Continued • PRE REQUISTES • (5th Semester) • Basic Principles of Communication • Conversion of Analog to Digital through • Sampling • Quantization • Encoding

7. ADVANCE COURSE (6th-7th SEM) • Digital Signal Processing • Satellite Communication • Microwave & Radar • Optical Fiber Communication (8th SEM) Data & Communication Networks Telemetry & Data TRANSMISSION HOLLISTIC FIX OF DC………Continued

8. SCOPE IN RELATED FIELDS… • Mobile Communication • Wireless Technologies • Microprocessors • Integrated Circuits • Aerospace • Networking HOLLISTIC FIX OF DC…….Continued

9. communication block diagram of communication Block diagram of digital communication

10. Communication System Classification Communication System Continuous Wave Digital Wave Amplitude Modulation (AM) Angle Modulation Analogue Pulse Modulation Digital Pulse Modulation Frequency Modulation (FM) Pulse Modulation (PM)

11. Analog vs. Digital The signal can be analog or digital message: Analog Continuous Variation Assumes the total range of frequencies/time All information is transmitted. Digital Takes samples non-continuous stream of on/off pulses Translates to 1s and 0s

12. Digital Vs Analog Advantages

13. SIGNALS Signals represent a message or information and arerepresented mathematically as a function of one or more independent variables, e.g. time. Signals can be either continuous or discrete in both time and amplitude.

14. Probability= Total no. of ways event can occur/Total no. of possible outcomes Probability

15. What is Information? Uncertainty in message

16. Sampling BASIC SAMPLING EXAMPLE FOR A POPULATION CENSUS Also watch-- http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/showVideo.php?v=WUCMavXbJo4

17. Quantization Next stage to obtain a Digital signal after Sampling is quantization Also watch-- http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/showVideo.php?v=oFEOryECzug

18. Transmission Path & Repeater • Main cause for degradation of pulse is noise • Regenerative repeaters are used to get the pulse in its original form

19. Modulation Modulation is a technique where the properties of a carrier wave changes in accordance with the digital data.

20. Block Diagram of Modulation Process MODULATION PROCESS Baseband signal Modulated signal Carrier

21. DIFFERENT MODULATION TECHNIQUES ANLOG MODULATION Amplitude Modulation Frequency Modulation Phase Modulation DIGITAL MODULATION ASK FSK PSK

22. Multiplexing

23. Synchronization Transmitter & receiver section of the Communication Equipment should behave sequentially

24. Error Control Coding Coding is done to remove the interference CHARLIE TO ALPHA!!!!!! CHARLIE TO ALPHA!!!!!!! The interference can cause the distortion of data. Once the coding is done, data becomes error free & can be detected uniquely

25. Research areas in cluster of ADC: . Secured communication . Optical frequency division multiplexing • Fast Multiple Access more than the speed of light. • To reduce the complexity & cost of Receiver & Transmitter used in DC components. • To reduce the noise to a zero level • Efficient long range communications • To increase the Channel Capacity KEY RESEARCH AREA OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

26. Key Jobs & Companies PRIVATE SECTOR  Texas Instruments www.ti.com Alcatel Lucent.www.alcatel-lucent.inNSNwww.nokiasiemensnetworks.comST microelectronicswww.st.comReliance Communications www.relianceinfo.comBharti Airtelwww.airtel.in

27. Electronics Corporation of India Limited. www.ecil.co.in Bharat Electronics Limited. www.bel-india.com Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. www.hal-india.com Defense Research & Development Organization. www.drdo.org Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. www.bsnl.co.in Indian space Research Organisation. www.isro.gov.in PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS

28. HOW WE STUDY......?

29. Kit based Projects: • LED Based Water Level indicator • FM Receiver • Intercom 2 Way • Digital Clock Wireless based Projects: • Wireless Based Surveillance • Wireless Video Transmitter • Wireless RF Based Heart Beat Counter Tele Based Projects: • Telephone call recorder • Tele based Home security • Optical Fiber based Data Communication • SUN LIGHT TRANSMISSION THROUGH OPTICAL FIBER Projects in ANALOG & DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

30. March 10, 1876- Telephone by Graham Bell Early 1900’s- Teletypewriter 1960- Character coding in the form of 8bit character 1967- Voice Digitization technique- PCM 1969-Caterphone TRENDS IN DC

31. 1974- Data phone Digital Services 1980-Dial Modem Technology (FAX) 1984-Client Server Architectures 1990’s- VPN Trends Continued

32. Till date- Broadband ISDN, Cell based transmission, Satellite & GPS, VOIP, Video Confrencing Future Trends- High Speed communication across the galaxies Breaking the Shannon Limit Trends….. continued

33. THANK YOU