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Tests Back at End of Class Remind me!. Lesson Plans. Next Step: Take suggestions, rewrite where needed. Bring Hardcopy Next Week. WORKSHEET – principals hate that word data sheet teacher created real life problems. Brief Description PASS/CCSS Behavioral Objectives Assessment
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Lesson Plans Next Step: Take suggestions, rewrite where needed. Bring Hardcopy Next Week. WORKSHEET – principals hate that word data sheet teacher created real life problems
Brief Description PASS/CCSS Behavioral Objectives Assessment Introduction (hook ‘em) Instructional Strategies/modeling Guided Practice Independent Practice Closure Adaptations-pick something specific Extensions-all students learning something new Technology Materials
17th Century Schools • Early colonial schools… • were established for religious purposes • helped secular aspects of society by teaching students to read and write • were influenced by European theorists
Schools in the New England Colonies • Latin grammar schools were secondary institutions for boys to learn reading, writing, arithmetic, and literature. • Compulsory education (government directed) was enacted with the Massachusetts Act of 1642.
Massachusetts School Law of 1642 • Forasmuch as the good education of children is of singular behoof and benefit to any Common-wealth; and whereas many parents & masters are too indulgent and negligent of their duty in that kind. It is therfore ordered that the Select men of every town, in the severall precincts and quarters where they dwell, shall have a vigilant eye over their brethren & neighbours, to see, first that none of them shall suffer so much barbarism in any of their families as not to indeavour to teach by themselves or others, their children & apprentices so much learning as may enable them perfectly to read the English tongue, & knowledge of the Capital Lawes: upon penaltie of twentie shillings for each neglect therin. Also that all masters of families do once a week (at the least) catechize their children and servants in the grounds & principles of Religion…. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_School_Laws
Massachusetts School Law of 1642 • Transferred educational supervision from the clergy to the selectmen of the colony • Empowering them to assess the education of children "to read & understand the principles of religion and the capital laws of this country." • It held parents and masters responsible for their children's and apprentices' ability to read and write • Stressed education rather than schooling
Massachusetts General School Law of 1647 • “that old deluder, Satan” act • First public school • First public paid teachers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_School_Laws
Schools in the Middle Colonies • Diversity of the population led to diversity in schools. • Most schools were parochial, or private, and generally religious in nature. • Schools taught a variety of subjects, including bookkeeping and navigation.
Schools in the Southern Colonies • Religious and geographical diversity led to a variety of schools. • Opportunities for education were based almost solely on social class. • Southern colonists generally were not concerned with making education available to everyone. • Widespread Plantations-tutors
Teachers Exchanged teaching for passage to the new world. Indentured servants. Boarding ‘round Weren’t successful in other professions. What do you make?
18th Century Schools • Benjamin Franklin established the Franklin Academy • Private academies emerged to prepare men for business and trade • Town schools were established to serve the community • Several colleges were created, including Yale, Brown, Dartmouth, and the University of Pennsylvania
19th Century Teacher Preparation • Troy Female Seminary was the first institution of higher learning for women in the United States, established in Troy, New York, in 1821 by Emma Willard. • Normal schools emerged, which were publicly- funded institutions dedicated exclusively to preparing teachers. • Very little formal training was available concerning how to teach students with special needs.
Settlement houses : help to assimilate and ease the transition of immigrants into the labor force by teaching them middle-class American values. provided social services to reduce the effects of poverty, including a daycare center, homeless shelter, public kitchen, public baths and charity schools.
Children of color (Native American, Mexican American, African American, and Asian American) generally had little or no educational opportunities. Much of their training was based on the idea of assimilation. Native American school
Children with disabilities had a few schools available, but were separated from other children until 1975.
John DeweyProgressive Education • Schools should be "child centered" with the curriculum and instruction tailored to facilitate the development of the individual. • Humanism * Maslow * Liberalism • Played well during Great Depression, after WWII marketed as communism.
Early childhood settings expanded, due in part to the work of Maria Montessori. Relied on how children learn naturally. Popularand Controversial
Developmental Differences Kindergarten 1837 Friedrich Froebel founded his own school and called it "kindergarten", or the "children's garden". "Children are like tiny flowers; they are varied and need care, but each is beautiful alone and glorious when seen in the community of peers." ". . . because learning begins when consciousness erupts, education must also". Junior Highs And Middle Schools bridged the gap between elementary and high schools.
W. E. B. DuBois and Booker T. WashingtonTwo sides of the same coin.Different backgrounds/different ideas of how to help the African American Race
Mary McLeod Bethune Bethune-Cookman School Rivaled the education received at white schools. Started as girls school in Daytona Beach and became a model, leading school for African-American boys. Black Female president of a college.
Science, math, and foreign languages became increasingly important in light of the Soviet launch of Sputnik.
The Vocational Act of 1963 was enacted, quadrupling the amount of money allocated for vocational education. • The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed, banning federal aid to schools that continued to practice segregation. • The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 provided additional money for schools serving low-income populations. • Bilingual Education Act of 1968 provided funds to assist non-English-speaking students.
Title IX of the Education Amendment Acts of 1975 was passed, which prohibited sexual discrimination in any education program receiving federal funding. • Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 granted children with disabilities the right to an education that meets their needs.
Competition with Japan sparked interest in the quality of education. A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform,published in 1983, criticized the state of education in the United States. Restructuring efforts included year-round schools, longer school days, longer school years, and more funding for technology.
Focus moved from input to output in the form of assessments based on standards. Teachers took on leadership roles in schools and districts. Collaboration was key among teachers, administrators, and parents.
