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Introduction to R project

This training program, led by Dr. Marek Majdan, focuses on essential biostatistics skills for public health professionals in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Participants will learn to utilize R, a powerful statistical computing environment that is free and regularly updated. The program covers statistical functions, data visualization, package installation, and data importing techniques using R. By the end of the training, attendees will be equipped to perform vital statistical analyses that support public health initiatives.

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Introduction to R project

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  1. Introduction to R project Marek Majdan Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  2. R project • Statistical computing environment and software • Absolutely free • Updated by statisticians • Very powerfull • Basically unlimited capability Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  3. R project - principle Editor R Engine SCRIPT Graphical Output Numerical output Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  4. Script example library (RODBC) library(foreign) library(Hmisc) library(Design) library(graphics) barb <- sqlFetch(odbcConnectExcel("d:/barb_data_new.xls"), sqtable = "data", na.strings = "NA", as.is = T) summary(barb) describe(barb) describe(barb$barb_group) ##normality tests shapiro.test(barb$AGE_CORRECTED) Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  5. Packages • Base package • Contributed packages - specific functions written for specific purposes - not included in the base package - can be installed any time Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  6. R EDITOR NUMERICAL OUTPUT GRAPHICAL OUTPUT Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  7. Installing R Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  8. Installing R Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  9. Installing Packages 1. 3. 2. Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  10. Writing scripts • Every package contains ‘functions’ for performing various operations with data • Every function has a specific form and arguments needed • Every function has a specific output • An algorithm of functions to perform a specific sequence of actions is a script Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  11. Example I. • Function: library • To load a specific package • Form: library (name of package) library (Epicalc) library (Hmisc) Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  12. Example II. • Function: plot • To plot a graph • Simple form: plot(x) • Complex form with a number of additional arguments: plot(x <- sort(rnorm(47)), type = "s", main = "plot(x, type = \"s\")") points(x, cex = .5, col = "dark red") Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  13. Important notes • Case sensitivity Plot ≠ plot ≠ PLOT • Avoid using punctuation and spaces in names of databases or variables (e.g. use ‘age_category’ instead ‘Age category’) Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  14. Importing data to R from Excel • Package: RODBC • Function: X=sqlFetch(odbcConnectExcel(“Y"),sqtable = “Z", na.strings = "NA", as.is = T) X=name of database in R after importing Y=path to excel file on disk Z=name of excel sheet Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  15. R commander • Graphical user interface (GUI) • Makes basic statistical computations simple but puts certain restrictions on R • Installing R commander: install package ‘Rcmdr’ using the standard package installing procedure • Function: library(Rcmdr) to start R commander Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

  16. R commander Training in essential biostatistics for Public Health Professionals in BiH, Marek Majdan, PhD; marekmajdan@gmail.com

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