Air Quality: Green Building and Community Planning

1. Air Quality: Green Building and Community Planning Judith Auer Shaw, Ph.D., AICP, PP E. J. Bloustein School of Planning & Public Policy Rutgers University Rutgers Center for Green Building and The National Center for Neighborhood and Brownfield Redevelopment April 14, 2010 New Jersey Clean Air Council

2. NJDEP 2007

3. NJ Global Warming Response Act

4. Settlement Patterns Landscape Infrastructure Buildings Carbon Sequestration Transportation Residential Buildings Deforestation Electric T&D Loss Commercial Buildings Urban Heat Island Waste Management Industrial Facilities CO2 Equivalent Emissions Land Use and GHG Emissions

5. Adopted from http://public.fotki.com/MNCapital/twincitiespagecom-2/saint_paul_neighborhoods/neighborhood_battle/dr11.html Adopted from http://www.census.gov/pubinfo/www/photos/communities.html Adopted from http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/newsuburbs.htm Efficient Land Use Patterns

6. Town Center • 5-minute walk to most everyday activities • Street network forms a continuous web with high inter-connectivity • Small, pedestrian-friendly streets • Mixed uses and architectural styles throughout • Civic and community sites: “identity” Traditional Neighborhood Design Duaney, Plater-Zyberk. 2001 Douglas Farr. 2008. Sustainable Urbanism.

7. Community Planning • Community Visioning Creates Focus Air Quality/Greenhouse Gas Reduction • Provide Clear Data Assess traffic patterns, energy usage, common practices Review local ordinances relating to air quality • Establish objectives • Reduce vehicular traffic • Reduce greenhouse gases • Promote green building • Promote green rehabilitation for residences and businesses Green Buildings

8. Benefits of Green Building WASTE COST SAVINGS 50-90% WATER USE SAVINGS 30-50% Average Savings of Green Buildings CARBON SAVINGS 35% ENERGY SAVINGS 30%

10. Green Building Links: • Air Quality • Lower Energy Consumption • Greenhouse Gas Reduction • Water Quality • Reductions in Solid Waste • Improved Economic Returns • Improved Human Health Outcomes • Better Neighborhood Design Green Building Framework for Overall Quality Improvements

11. Authorized in 2007 (C.52:27D-130.6): • Guidance and consistent performance criteria • Owners, builders, and construction professionals • Programs that encourage/require green building • Resource for local governments and private sector • Residential and commercial buildings NJ Green Building Manual

12. Foundations for GB Manual Performance Based Tiered Point-Based System Web-based Tool • Performance Metrics • Integrated System • Implementation • Reporting & Verification

13. GB Manual Development Tiered Performance Metrics & Targets • Impact Areas: • Five green building categories • Methodology: • “Eco-Efficiency” • Cumulative Impacts Cost Impacts Env. Impacts Stakeholder Process • Technical Guidance & Resources: • Case Studies • Calculation Tools • Illustrations/Diagrams Green Building Strategies Organization/Content Implementation Recommendations • Administration: • Verification & Documentation • Ongoing Performance Evaluation: • Evolution of Guidelines Evaluation Protocol

14. - FIRST COST - OPERATION COST (Energy, Maintenance, Remodeling) + HEALTH OF EMPLOYEES + COMFORT + PRODUCTIVITY + ENVIRONMENT Design… Build… Operate…Evaluate

15. Commercial Building Process • Points of Leverage: • Incentives • Expedited Permitting/Permit Assistance • Awards/Publicity • Verification/Documentation for getting incentives require: • Integrated Design Meeting • Performance Target Checklist/Management Plan Resources: Best Practice Strategies  Case Study Examples  Integrated Design Tools

16. Commercial Building Process • Points of Leverage: • Incentives • Expedited Permitting/Permit Assistance • Technical Assistance • Awards/Publicity • Verification/Documentation for getting incentives • Require Schematic Drawings/ASHRAE EQ (As Designed) modeling to show how design helps project meet performance targets Resources: Best Practice StrategiesCase Study Examples Integrated Design Tools

17. Center for Green Building Strategy Impacts

18. Post-Occupancy Evaluation Energy Use Intensity (EUI) of LEED and national building stock

19. 54% of census tracts building stock with a majority of single family detached units 20% attached/2/3/4 units Greening NJ’s Existing Housing Stock

20. Air Quality Green Remodeling

21. Why green building? Indoor Air Quality • On average, Americans spend 90% of their time indoors, yet the air inside buildings can be 5-10 times more polluted than outdoor air, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. • Most common pollutants are: • Radon • Combustion products • Molds, pet dander, pollen • VOCs • Lead dust and asbestos Source: http://www.epa.gov/iaq/greenbuilding/index.html

22. NJ Green Home Remodeling Sample Strategy Write-up

23. Weatherization & Energy Consider a Photovoltaic System (EE) Consider solar water heating (EE) High Conduct a home performance audit (EE) Install Programmable Thermostats (EE) Select high efficiency HVAC equipment (EE) Install attic insulation (EE) Impact Insulate Hot Water Heater & Pipes (EE) Provide Proper Moisture Management Strategies (WC, IAQ) Weather-strip Doors and Windows (WC, EE) Low $ Cost $$$$

24. Energy Efficiency - Strategies BUILDING DESIGN Building OrientationGreen Roofs Moisture Control Advanced Framing Building Envelope Air sealing InsulationPerformance Glazing

25. Energy Efficiency – Strategies - Building Commissioning, Energy Audits - Renewable Energy & Advanced Energy Systems Building Computer Products Energy Audit Commissioning Simulations Photovoltaics Wind Turbines Geothermal Solar Hot Energy Water

26. Green Design and Retrofitting Philadelphia Water Company