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Retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma. Jane R MacKinnon Ophthalmologist Inverness Scotland, UK. Nkhata Bay, 1990. What is retinoblastoma?. What is retinoblastoma?. Aggressive eye cancer of infancy and childhood Commonest intra-ocular tumour in children. Why is it important?. Why is it important?.

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Retinoblastoma

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  1. Retinoblastoma Jane R MacKinnon Ophthalmologist Inverness Scotland, UK

  2. Nkhata Bay, 1990

  3. What is retinoblastoma?

  4. What is retinoblastoma? • Aggressive eye cancer of infancy and childhood • Commonest intra-ocular tumour in children

  5. Why is it important?

  6. Why is it important? • It will kill the child if untreated • Death may be prevented by early treatment

  7. How common is it? • Estimated 9000 cases per year in the world • Estimated between 22 – 37 cases per year in Malawi

  8. How can you identify it?

  9. Leukocoria = white pupil

  10. White pupils + squint + poor vision

  11. Inflamed eye + white pupil

  12. Proptosis= protruding eye

  13. RB presentation • Boys = girls • Usually present under age of 5 years, most by age 2 • Bilateral RB usually presents earlier than unilateral

  14. Bilateral RB presents earlier Age in months

  15. Dilate the pupils

  16. Must examine the other children in the family

  17. Ultrasound

  18. How is it treated? Surgery – enucleation - removal of the eye under general anaesthetic • Chemotherapy • Radiotherapy • Laser • Cryotherapy

  19. See a Retinoblastoma… – get it out – save a life

  20. Outcome • Untreated = Death

  21. Chemotherapy • Only available in large centres • IV: cyclophosphamide, vincristine and adriamycine • Subtenon injection (Carboplatin)

  22. Artificial Eyes • Different sizes • Improved appearance • However….require expertise in fitting

  23. Recurrence after enucleation

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