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FMD Disease situation in Iraq 2015 Layth Mohammed Salih Abdulrasool Central Veterinary Laboratories /Veterinary Directorate/ Iraq-Baghdad. GAPS IDENTIFIED IN 2014 ROADMAP MEETING. Bad Security Status, and loss of veterinary services in areas under terrorist control.
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FMD Disease situation in Iraq 2015 Layth Mohammed SalihAbdulrasool Central Veterinary Laboratories /Veterinary Directorate/ Iraq-Baghdad
GAPS IDENTIFIED IN 2014 ROADMAP MEETING • Bad Security Status, and loss of veterinary services in areas under terrorist control. • Inefficient restriction of animals movement on borders. • Low level of cooperation with the Kurdish region in northern of Iraq. • Low level of cooperation with neighboring countries. • Inefficient cooperation with the veterinary private sector. • Inefficient awareness campaigns. • Inadequate live stock estimation Numbers. • Difficulties in shipping, confirming and matching of the isolates. • No application to compensation legislation.
2014 work update • Two vaccination campaigns were conducted during 2014, • The 1st on covered bovine and buffalo that involved the vaccination of about 1736437 animal with high potency (>6pd50) trivalent vaccine . • The 2nd vaccination campaign involved the vaccination of 1268131 animals (bovine and buffalo) and 4292653 animals (ovine and caprine).
Challenges in 2014 • Bad security situation and the control of the terrorist on several main cities in the north, west and east of Iraq that lead to losing the ability to provide official veterinary services and as a result stopping of the vaccination campaigns and break of the roles for the regulation of animal movements as well as the biosafety measures that were applied in the case of appearing of new disease foci, and the large wave of immigration of peoples from the risk areas and the areas that witness military operations, that aid in establish uncommon route of disease transmission, all these factors leads to the increase the infected zone.
2015 work update • One vaccination campaigns was conducted in February-March 2015 till now, • This vaccination Campaign targeted bovine and buffalo at the first priority and to a second level ovine and caprine.
Challenges in 2015 • During September 2015 a new genotype that is novel to the region started to circulate, the genotype VII recorded firstly in the KSA, less than month later a very related strain was isolated from van province/ turkey a border city with Iran and still spread in Turkey but with lower rate. • This genotype was found to be closely related with an isolates from the Indian continental in 2000 and 2004 which is novel to this region. • The spread of the disease in the Turkish land closer to the Iraqi borders lead Iraq to announced an alarm for several reasons: 1- Novel strain that we expect our national vaccine can not cover it although we still await for the WRL report of vaccine matching 2- Delayed in the vaccination campaign so that the immune status of the Iraqi herd will start to drop.
Geographical Distribution of FMD outbreaks 2014-2015 N/A= Not Available * = till June 2014
Sero surveillance of FMD Infection in cattle and buffalo by NSP Elisa
FMD Control plan : Goals and outcomes of controlling project • Control and Eradication of Foot & mouth Disease; • Establishment of minimum competencies to the delivery of national veterinary services. • Improve prophylactics measures against exotic infectious diseases.
Disease control strategy plan FMD Control strategy in Iraq • The Control strategy of FMD disease in Iraq must be applied on two stages as Iraq consider to be endemic with the disease The first stage • It include the following activities: • Compulsory routine vaccination campaign to all large and small ruminants, twice yearly in whole country. • Restriction of live animal movement, and animal products. • increase awareness and communication about the importance of this stage and start to prepare the field veterinarian in both the public and private sectors for the next stage that will required more attention and efforts to keep , maintain and forward go on in the control of the disease.
The second stage • Starts after the success control of clinical disease in one or more sector or zone in the country with the continuous using of mass vaccination strategy. • This stage required in addition to the activities in the first stage the following action: • Initiate a good, very active and quick communication network and preparing a hot lines for any suspected cases. • Preparing and training the veterinary authority at the free zones as well as the veterinary private sectors on contingency plans to contained any emergency case suspected with the disease. • legislation of compensation laws or regulation in order for the stamping out of the affected animals in the free zone as a strategy for controlling any new disease foci.
criteria of identification of hot spot • Clinical Disease with typical clinical signs. • Conformation of suspected foci or new outbreaks by Laboratory investigation. • Sero monitoring to check for the animals that exposed to the clinical disease. • Evaluation of the vaccination campaigns to check for the performance of the vaccinators, performance and immune response of the vaccinated animals and looking for the gaps that prevent the proper action of the high quality vaccines used. • Routes for animal movement.
Vaccine Specification • A trivalent vaccine composed of the following strains: • A/ Turk/2006/20 • O/Turk/05/2009 Panasia2 • Asia1/Pak/8/2008-sindh-08 ( Previously Shamir) • Those strains are formulated in an adjuvant, double oil emulsion vaccine with potency ≥6PD50.
