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Power

Power. Power. Definition Context – political/economic/cultural power Characterisation/relationships – who has the power – when, where, how is it shown? Language to show power – diction, imagery, sentence structure Symbols of power power shifting.

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Power

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  1. Power

  2. Power • Definition • Context – political/economic/cultural power • Characterisation/relationships – who has the power – when, where, how is it shown? • Language to show power – diction, imagery, sentence structure • Symbols of power • power shifting

  3. Political/economic/historical- Norway – Denmark until 1814 --enforced union with Sweden--not fully independent until 1905 --not colonised --half adult population entitled to vote.

  4. Sparsely populated predominately agriculture dependent on maritime trade

  5. No indigenous aristocracy (Black Death in MA), Parliament abolished nobility in 1821 Rapid industrialisation after 1884 Gap between country and town

  6. Middle-class society • Conservative • expectations/conventions – once social reputation lost – very difficult to regain it

  7. Clear gender roles

  8. Prolonged union with Denmark = 2 languages • official language church and state Ibsen - predominately middle class audience • spoken Norwegian dialect

  9. Speech appropriate to class and personality – natural but different voices for each character • Genteel exclamations – “ tiny bit”, short phraseswithin questions and exclamations, wheedling with assertiveness- lively excitable? • declarative sentences? • Questioning • Indirect • Direct/to the point - but can sound bitter and cold/resolved and certain

  10. Torvald • own importance- distinctive speech • endearments = skylark, squirrel = attitude – insulting – squander bird, lecturing tone

  11. Dr.Rank • guarded, speaks indirectly – using ready made expressions: death on my hands/going through the books of this poor body of mine • Words conceal his meanings

  12. Krogstad • series of questions • ironically humble “Will you be so good as to see that I keep my humble position at the bank? • self contempt but also blames others for his low status – can be threatening and openly disrespectful

  13. You have no power over what you got…from those parents of yours…

  14. So – who had power? • The better off over the less well-off? • The educated and worldly wise over the innocent and illiterate?

  15. And if you are female? • patriarchal society • Father’s then husband’s possession • no borrowing, no custody of the children, no property passed on to you – welcome to ADH

  16. Torvald has it all… • Breadwinner and employer • controls the purse strings • The house/the keys • custody of children and power over his wife

  17. Naughty Nora • Secrets • The pet names – my little – Torvald’s • or is she using this to achieve her ends? • Gets Mrs Linde a job – despite Torvald saying not open to influence • gets what she wants – macaroons, more money from Torvald, Dr rank prepared to do anything for her

  18. Crooked Krogstad

  19. The ending • Nora leaves – power over her own destiny - a champion of human rights/feminist or a selfish egotist? • Torvald left bereft – king of his empty castle • Mrs Linde won over Krogstad – both benefit but at her instigation! • Alternative ending…

  20. Symbols of power

  21. Shifting power: Plot a power graph… • Torvald – max 10 • Nora – loving husband, a tasteful home, three beautiful children • Krogstad – poor job at the bank better than nothing, then sacked but then blackmail • Mrs Linde – powerless – Nora helps her get a job but then she has the power to tell Krogstad to leave the letter • The nurse – brought up Nora, power over children after Nora leaves

  22. What’s changed since 1879? • What has not?

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