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European District Heating and District Cooling Market Berlin/Leipzig , 10 May 2006 Thorsten Körner Stadtwerke Leipzig

European District Heating and District Cooling Market Berlin/Leipzig , 10 May 2006 Thorsten Körner Stadtwerke Leipzig GmbH. I. European Union

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European District Heating and District Cooling Market Berlin/Leipzig , 10 May 2006 Thorsten Körner Stadtwerke Leipzig

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  1. European District Heating and District Cooling MarketBerlin/Leipzig, 10 May 2006Thorsten Körner Stadtwerke Leipzig GmbH

  2. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  3. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  4. 1. Position of the District Heating Sector in the EU • The new EU members strengthened the position of the DH sector • More than 60 m people (EU-8: over 20 m) use DH • Poland is the leader in the European district heating as to number of users

  5. 1. Position of the District Heating Sector in the EU • The new member states (EU-8) strengthened the position of the DH sector • More than 60 m people (EU-8: over 20 m) use DH

  6. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  7. 2. District Heat Production and CHP • CHP is the most important key to improve energy use efficiency, to decrease the environmental pollution and CO2-Emissions and to reduce fuel imports. • In EU-8 countries the CHP use is lower than in the old countries.

  8. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  9. 3. Fuel used in the EU District Heating Sector • The fuel mix for heat production in the EU remains less diversified than in the EU-8 states. • There is a large dependency on gas for heat production in the Baltic States (Lithuania 82%, Latvia 69%, Estonia 45%), Hungary (75%), Luxemburg (98%) and Netherlands (92 %). • Coal is the main fuel for DH in Poland (84%), Slovakia (73%) and Germany (56%). • EU-8 have a great technical potential for an increased use of renewable energy from industrial waste heat and waste.

  10. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  11. 4. District Cold Production in the EU • District cold is an efficient tool for providing comfortable indoor cooling in the summer time. • District cold production expands in Sweden, Norway, Italy and Spain, in the EU-8 the district cooling does practically not exist.

  12. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  13. 5. Ownership • In Austria, Finland, Hungary, Latvia and Poland district heating utilities are mainly owned by municipal authorities. • Austria and Germany have municipal multi-utilities (for gas, district heating, electricity and water supply). • The changes in the energy market (caused by EU directives) brought some new trends in the district heatingsector (f.e. privatisations, vertically integration, public private partnership).

  14. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  15. 6. National Energy Strategies/Laws/Policies

  16. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  17. 7. Regulations on municipal levels Poland • Implementation of own energy plans • Ownership of the district heating networks Latvia • Organisation of the heat supply within the municipalities • Creation of preconditions for a rational use of local energy • 17 municipal district heating price regulators Greece • Regional operational programmes Germany • Energy is a part of the local planning (energy concepts) • Local authorities are responsible for local electricity, gas, district heating and water supply

  18. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  19. 8. Price Regulation

  20. I. European Union 1. Position of the district heating sector in the EU 2. District heat production and CHP 3. Fuel used in the EU district heating sector 4. District cold production in the EU 5. OwnershipII. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia 6. National energy strategies/laws/policies 7. Regulation at municipal level 8. Price regulation 9. Organisational and social problems

  21. 9. Organisational and Social Problems

  22. 9. Organisational and Social Problems • Generally • Situation has changed dramatically after the transformation. • Poland • 50 % of primary energy is being utilized for heat production. • The purchase power indicator in Poland is 40 % higher than in EU. • The ownership and organisational transformation in the district heating sector proceeds slow and has not been finished yet. • Germany • The social acceptance of DH is high. • Unbundling process has an influence on the DH sector.

  23. 9. Organisational and Social Problems • Region Kaliningrad • Discrepancy between actual investment needs and financial possibilities. • Decrease in reliability. • Lack of long term investments resources. • Latvia • High non-payment level (70-90%). • DH tariffs are used as a political instrument (e. g. before elections). • Obstacles for the development of co-generation.

  24. Summary 1 The position of DH sector in the EU strengthened 2 EU brought bout changes in the national heat policies 3 In some of the EU-8 countries huge dependence on Gas from Russia is existent 4 Poland is the „EU-Leader“ 5 Co-generation and new technologies are the keys for improving efficiency 6 Municipals ownership dominates the DH market in the EU 7 DH tariffs make investments in improving of efficiency difficult

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