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The Labor Movement

The Labor Movement. 1880 - 1930. The Workforce. Immigrants Rural America. Life of a Factory Worker. Long Hours Low Pay Few Breaks No Job Security Tenement Living Dangerous Working Conditions. Video: The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire. Emergence of Unions.

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The Labor Movement

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  1. The Labor Movement 1880 - 1930

  2. The Workforce • Immigrants • Rural America

  3. Life of a Factory Worker • Long Hours • Low Pay • Few Breaks • No Job Security • Tenement Living • Dangerous Working Conditions

  4. Video:The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

  5. Emergence of Unions • Organizations of workers created to improve wages & working conditions. • Existed since 1778 • Most Americans dislike unions • Social Darwinism

  6. Early Unions • National Labor Union (NLU) • Founded: 1866 - William Sylvis • Skilled & Unskilled workers, farmers and reformers • Excluded women & blacks • Membership: 600,000 • 8 Hour work day

  7. Early Unions • Knights of Labor • Founded: 1869 - Uriah Stephens • Secret Society • Child labor, public ownership of railroads, 8 hour work day • 1879 – Terence Powderly • Membership 700,000

  8. Early Unions • American Federation of Labor (AFL) • Founded: 1886 – Samuel Gompers • Skilled workers • 1904 Membership: 1.75 million

  9. Why Unions? • Collective Bargaining • Union & Management negotiate a contract that includes: • Wages • Hours • Working Conditions • Benefits • Job Security

  10. Tactics Used Against Unions(Weapons of Business) • Fire Leaders • Blacklists • Yellow-Dog Contract • Injunctions • Lockouts • Strikebreakers • Public Opinion

  11. Tactics Used By Unions(Weapons of Labor) • Strike • Boycott • Picketing

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