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Psychological Health

Psychological Health. Chapter Three. Psychological Health. What Psychological health is not.. Not the same as psychological normality Conforming to social norms Never seeking help for personal problems “Mentally ill” Peoples appearance . Defining Psychological Health. Negative definition

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Psychological Health

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  1. Psychological Health Chapter Three

  2. Psychological Health • What Psychological health is not.. • Not the same as psychological normality • Conforming to social norms • Never seeking help for personal problems • “Mentally ill” • Peoples appearance ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  3. Defining Psychological Health • Negative definition • Positive definition • Abraham Maslow’s “Toward a Psychology of Being” • Hierarchy of needs • Studied very successful people (Self-actualization) • Abraham Lincoln, Henry David Thoreau, Ludwig van Beethoven, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Albert Einstein • Realism • Acceptance • Autonomy • Intimacy • Creativity ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  4. ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  5. Meeting Life’s Challenges • Growing Up Psychologically • Adult identity • Intimacy • Values and Purpose ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  6. Erikson's Eight Stages of Personality Development(Table 3-1) • Trust versus mistrust • Autonomy versus shame and self-doubt • Initiative versus guilt • Industry versus inferiority • Identity versus identity confusion • Intimacy versus isolation • Generativity versus self-absorption • Integrity versus despair ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  7. Achieving Healthy Self-Esteem • Developing a Positive Self-Concept • Begins in childhood • Integration • Stability • Meeting Challenges to Self-Esteem • Challenge is your self-concept • Acknowledge that something has gone wrong • Notice your patterns of thinking • Develop realistic self-talk • Being less defensive • Being optimistic ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  8. Achieving Healthy Self-Esteem (continue) • Maintaining honest communication • Dealing with loneliness • Dealing with anger • Managing your own anger • Dealing with anger in other people ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  9. Psychological Disorders • Anxiety Disorders • Simple phobia or Specific phobia • Fear of something definite • Most common and most understandable • Social phobia • Fear of humiliation or embarrassment while being observed by others • Panic disorders • Sudden unexpected surges in anxiety • Rapid and strong heart beat • Shortness of breath • Loss of physical equilibrium • Feeling of losing mental control ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  10. Psychological Disorders • Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) • Reaction to future threats is to worry • Worries have taken over • Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD) • Obsessions – recurrent, unwanted thoughts • Compulsions – repetitive, difficult-to-resist actions • Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD) • Reaction to a severely traumatic event • Treatment for anxiety disorders ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  11. Mood Disorders • Depression • Demoralization • Feeling of sadness and hopelessness • Loss of pleasure • Poor appetite • Insomnia • Restlessness • Thoughts of worthlessness • Trouble concentrating • Thoughts of death or suicide • Dysthymic disorder • Suicide • Warning signs • Treatment • Electroconvulsive therapy • Seasonal affective disorder ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  12. Recognizing the Warning Signs of Suicide Expressing the ‘wish’ to be dead Increasing social withdrawal/isolation Sudden inexplicable lightening of mood Previous history of attempts Suicide by a family member or friend Readily available means of committing suicide History of substance abuse or eating disorders Serious medical problems ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  13. ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  14. Psychological Disorders • Mania and Bipolar Disorder • Gender differences • Equal numbers of men and women suffer, women are nearly twice as likely as men to be clinically depressed • Schizophrenia • Uncertain about what causes it • General characteristics • Disorganized thoughts • Inappropriate emotions • Delusions • Auditory hallucinations • Deteriorating social and work function ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  15. Models of Human Nature and Therapeutic Change • Four Different perspectives • Biological • pharmacological therapy • Behavioral • Stimulus, response and reinforcement • Practice exposure • Cognitive • Ideas, attitudes, behaviors and feelings • Psychodynamic • Thoughts • Evaluation of the models • Combining different therapies ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  16. Getting Help • Self Help • Books • Writing a journal • Religious • Social groups • Peer counseling and support groups • Professional • Determine the need • Choosing a mental health professional • Psychiatrists • Clinical psychologists • Social workers • Licensed Counselors • Clergy • Treatment Team ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

  17. Psychological Health Chapter Three

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