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Instructor: Professor Edward Ng & Ren Chao Student: YU Qing

Instructor: Professor Edward Ng & Ren Chao Student: YU Qing Student ID: 1155018565 Date: 15/12/2012. SENV7700 Design / Independence . A Natural Ventilation And Daylighting Study of Architecture Facility Building of HUST in Wuhan . SITE BACKGROUND.

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Instructor: Professor Edward Ng & Ren Chao Student: YU Qing

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  1. Instructor: Professor Edward Ng & Ren Chao Student: YU Qing Student ID: 1155018565 Date: 15/12/2012 SENV7700 Design / Independence A Natural Ventilation And Daylighting Study of Architecture Facility Building of HUST in Wuhan

  2. SITE BACKGROUND Geographical Position Climate The climate style of Wuhan is north humid subtropical monsoon climate . It has abundant rainfall and sunshine. The summer is hot and the winter is cold with high humidity all the year . The early summer rainy season has a concentrated rainfall in June & July. Extreme temperatures have ranged from 18.1C to 42.0C in July & August. Wuhan is situated in the middle of Hubei province, east of the Jianghan Plain. It is simple in geographical structure– low and flat in the middle decorated by lakes and pools ,and hilly in the south, with the Yangtze and Han rivers winding through the city. -- from Wikipedia PAGE 1

  3. CLIMATE ANALYSIS Wind Temperature Humidity High frequency wind is north-east in summer and south-east & north-east in winter. And the speed of wind in summer is pretty high , while it is slower in winter . It can be seen from the average chart that the temperature is pretty high( peak at 42C) in summer ,the lowest temperature in winter is above 0℃ .The relative humidity picture shows that the humidity level is high (about 80%) around all the year . IN CONCLUSION, the high temperature is the main problem in Wuhan with high humidity level . Although the temperature is not extremely low in winter, it also feels very chilly with high humidity in winter . PAGE 2

  4. CLIMATE ANALYSIS Bioclimatic Chart Setting: Time: 8:00-18:00 Weekday & Weekend Occupant Activity Level: Sedentary Glazing Ratio: 35% Insulation: Medium Efficiency: Average In the conclusion of climate analysis ,the main problem of Wuhan is the high temperature and high humidity in summer .From the bioclimatic chart ,the natural ventilation is the most effective strategy to solve the problem in summer . So in this design ,I choose natural ventilation as my first environmental focus. PAGE 3

  5. BUILDING INTRODUCTION Site Information: Site Area： 9556.7㎡ Building Area： 3325.9㎡ Construction Floor Area: 41278㎡ Date of Complete: 1985 The Architecture Facility Building of HUST is located between two main south entrances of HUST , so it has convenient transpotation . In the south-east of the building , there is a pond named glasses lake , which is a famous view spot in HUST . The site is surrounded by plenty of trees ,which contribute to natural sunshading in summer , but stop a lot of direct solar radiation in winter . In this study ,I focus on the design classrooms on each floor , because they are the rooms that students majoring architecture use mostly in the building and that require high standards of daylighting and natural ventilation . So I choose daylighting as my second environmental focus . PAGE 4

  6. BUILDING INTRODUCTION Design classroom on 1st floor The design classroom on the 1st floor is located between two added classrooms which have glass walls and mental roof . Design classrooms on 2nd & 3rd floor The south and north facades of the design classrooms on the 2nd and 3rd floor is protected by sun-shading which is 600mm wide. PAGE 5

  7. CASE STUDY Basics of Natural Ventilation Ventilation openings’ location :In most cases , indoor air is warmer than outdoor air and the stack effect drives the airflow from bottom to top .The wind drives the airflow from the windward to the leeward side of the building .If the ventilation openings are located in an appropriate manner , the wind pressure is added to the stack effect and the ventilation is reinforced . --NATURAL VENTILATION IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT There are three basic strategies :single-sided, cross-and buoyancy-driven ventilation .The picture shows mixed natural ventilation strategies in a single building in order to satisfy local and global ventilation needs . PAGE 6

  8. CASE STUDY Queen’s Building of De Montfort University in Leicester , UK The most notable example is Queen’s Building of De Montfort University in Leicester , UK .It is a building that has proven to be the most influential of the first generation of the newer naturally ventilated building .The ventilation strategy used mostly in this case is local stack ventilation with individual ducts . The passive downdraught evaporative cooling stack ventilation is a developed strategy from local stack ventilation with single duct . PAGE 7

  9. VENTILATION DESIGN Analysis of The Original Case Natural ventilation is pretty necessary in the region like Wuhan . Moreover, it should solve the problem of high temperature and high humidity at the same time . So in this ventilation development design , cooling and dehumidification should take into account as well as ventilation . There are big windows which are 2700mm *2400mm on both north and south facades of design classrooms on 2nd & 3rd floors . The distance between the buildings is only 8.6m which is hardly for wind to get through . The design classroom on 1st floor is placed between two added classrooms , so there is no windows . There are wind from west in summer , but to protect the building from western exposure there is no window . Moreover no aperture is on the west facade and east wall of the design classroom for wind . In the original case ,the wind can seldom blow in the interior from east-west axis. PAGE 8

  10. VENTILATION DESIGN Improvement Design The cool stack is placed on the windward side facade . The air gets into the cool stack from the top , then is cooled down by water from spray . The cool air is blowing into bottom ventilation opening with function of dehumidifier in each room . After that the air is blowing out of the room and into the warm stack from the top ventilation opening on the leeward side .Finally , the hot air is moving out of the building from the top of the warm stack . It is also can solve the problems of high humidity and overheating in summer. PAGE 9

  11. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Analysis of The Original Case From CIBSE the recommended average DF of drawing plan is 5% , and the minimum is 2.5% . Euro standard EN 12464-1 was approved in year 2002. It gives a requirements for the illuminance in schools . The standard illuminanceon the work plan is 300lx ,and the standard illuminance on the blackboard is 5oolx .Glare is caused by contrast. When difference of luminance level is above 15 times ,visual efficiency will be reduced and glare will appear . 1st Floor : the average DF value of drawing plan is about 2.3% , lack of light 2nd & 3rd Floor : 4.6% & 5.6% , but not uniform PAGE 10

  12. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Analysis of The Original Case The illuminance around the blackboard is only about 200lx on 1st floor, which is much lower than the standard . The value of illuminance on 2nd floor is higher than that on 3rd floor because of the reflection of mental roof of the added classrooms. PAGE 11

  13. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Analysis of The Original Case It is still too dark on 1st floor . On 2nd and 3rd floor , the difference of the luminance can reach 20 times , which may cause visual discomfort ,that is to say that the glare will occur . PAGE 12

  14. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Improvement Design A There are 2 main problems of the building in daylighting . The first one (A)is that the design classroom on 1st floor is lack of light because it is located between two added classrooms and the roof of the added classrooms is mental . The second problem (B) is that there is serious glare problem in the design classrooms on 2nd and 3rd floors especially in winter , and the daylight in these two design classrooms is not uniform , probably because the 600mm wide sun -shading can not shade the 2600mm high windows . PAGE 13

  15. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Improvement Design A PAGE 14

  16. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Improvement Design A PAGE 15

  17. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Improvement Design B The original rooms are with 600mm wide light shelves and overhang soffits which are 600mm wide outside and 100mm inside , and both of them are on south and north facades . The problem of the design classrooms on 2nd and 3rd floors is that there is serious glare problem and the light is not uniform . PAGE 16

  18. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Improvement Design B PAGE 17

  19. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Improvement Design B PAGE 18

  20. Thank you SENV7700 Design / Independence A Natural Ventilation And Daylighting Study of Architecture Facility Building of HUST in Wuhan

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