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Transportation In Plants

Transportation In Plants. Moving Materials In Animals. How do most animals move materials around their body? Circulatory system Blood vessels like vein, arteries, and capillaries What powers the movement? Contracting muscles of the heart Contracting body muscles pinching veins

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Transportation In Plants

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  1. Transportation In Plants

  2. Moving Materials In Animals • How do most animals move materials around their body? • Circulatory system • Blood vessels like vein, arteries, and capillaries • What powers the movement? • Contracting muscles of the heart • Contracting body muscles pinching veins • What forces work against the movement? • Thickness of fluid • Gravity

  3. Moving Materials In Plants • How do plants move materials around their bodies? • Vascular bundle • Xylem water/ions • Phloem nutrients/hormones • Narrow tubes made of hollowed out plant cells • Only cell walls remain • What powers the movement? • Concentration gradients • Gravity • Transpiration • What forces work against the movement? • Thickness of fluid • Gravity

  4. Parts of The Transport System • Roots designed to absorb water and minerals from the soil • What minerals do we need? • Nitrates, Phosphates, Mg2+, etc… • Root cap protective cells to help push through soil • Root tip mass of rapidly dividing cells so roots can grow • Root hairs thin extensions of outer root cells that absorb water and minerals • Cortex stores starch; passes water and minerals to xylem • Xylem one-way transporting of water/minerals from roots to leaves • Phloem two-way transporting of sucrose, amino acids, and hormones

  5. Parts of The Transport System • Shoots designed to support growing branches/ leafs and transport material • Vascular bundle main transport system made of phloem, xylem, and cambium • Cambium produces more phloem/xylem tubes as the diameter of plant grows; supports plant • Epidermis thin single layer of cells covered with a waxy cuticle to prevent water loss

  6. Parts of The Transport System • Leafs designed to use water/minerals to do photosynthesis • What is the product of photosynthesis? • glucose • Why is glucose changed to sucrose before going to phloem? • Sucrose is more soluble • Stoma openings in leafs that allow gas exchange • What gases are exchanged? • O2 and CO2 • What is also lost through the stoma? • Water

  7. Sap and Water • Sap think sugar solution inside phloem; used to make syrup • Why is thickness of sap not a major concern of plants? • Most sap is moving from leafs to roots and follows with gravity • Why is the movement of water a major concern for plants? • Must move water upward against gravity • Only major limit on tree height • Moss can only grow 1 m tall because it lacks proper xylem • Giant redwoods 114 m tall!

  8. Transpiration • Transpiration movement of water from roots to leaves through the evaporation of water from the leafs • Creates a PULL, or suction • Where does the strength come from to pull water against gravity? • Hydrogen bonds • Two forces are needed: • Cohesion H-bonds between water molecules; water sticks together • Adhesion H-bonds between water molecules and other surfaces; water sticks to xylem vessel • Transpiration stream continuous flow of water through xylem

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