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Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework. THEORY. Theory is: a generalized abstraction about the relationship between two or more concepts a systematic abstract explanation of the relationship between the concepts Its composed of concepts and propositions. Conceptual models.

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Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

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  1. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

  2. THEORY • Theory is: • a generalized abstraction about the relationship between two or more concepts • a systematic abstract explanation of the relationship between the concepts • Its composed of concepts and propositions

  3. Conceptual models • Conceptual framework, conceptual model, conceptual schemes Are all used interchangeably • Less formal attempt at organizing phenomenon than theory

  4. Theoretical vs. Conceptual • both use concepts as building blocks, and used to generate hypothesis • Conceptual models lack the deductive system of propositions that asserts the relationship between the concepts

  5. Theoretical vs. Conceptual • Conceptual model is not directly testable by the researcher • Conceptual models represent the perspective of the designers.

  6. Purposes of theories & conceptual models • Progression in science • Making research findings meaningful and generalizable • Effective way of summarizing accumulated facts • Add on understanding the nature of the phenomenon

  7. Ethical Consideration • Historical background: • Nazi medical experiment • Tuskegee syphilis study “not only were experimental subjects, they were are also have no choice

  8. Codes of Ethics • Nuremberg code: the first international effort • Declaration of Helsinki, the world most notably (1964, revised 1975) • Belmont report by the national research Act (1978, USA)

  9. Belmont Principles A. Principle of beneficence: • Freedom from harm • Freedom from exploitation • Benefits from research • Risk/benefits ratio

  10. Belmont Principles B. The Principle of respect and human dignity • Right for self-determination • Right to full disclosure

  11. Belmont Principles C. The principle of Justice • The right to fair treatment • The right to privacy

  12. Informed consent • Content: • Participant status • Study purpose • Type of data • Nature of the commitment • Sponsorship • Participants selection • Procedures

  13. Informed consent • Potential risks and costs • Potential benefits • Confidentiality pledge • Voluntary consent • Right to withdraw • Alternatives • Contact information

  14. Vulnerable subjects • Children • Mentally and emotionally disabled • Physically disabled • Institutionalized people • Pregnant women

  15. IRB (Institutional Review Board) A committee to review research proposal, procedures and protocols to protect participants’ rights. • Exempt review (no apparent risk at all) • Expedited review: (has minimal risk and reviewed by the committee chairperson) • Full board review

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