Green up Your Shopping Experience Green Shopping Malls

Green up Your Shopping ExperienceGreen Shopping Malls • ANKIT CHADHA • PUSHKARAJ DANDE • PRANAV BHEDI • JOHANATHAN MATTHEWS • SHIVRAJ BARIK

1. Solar Grid Introduction Solar grids are nothing but an interconnected assembly of solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells. These photovoltaic cells consists of crystalline-silicon panel having an aluminium frame and glass on the front. PV cells connected together in a solar panel. —

Working Solar grids use light energy (photon) from the sun to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. The structural (load carring) member of a module can either be the top layer(superstrate) or the back layer (substrate). The commonly used semiconductor in solar grid is crystalline silicon.

Efficiency & Uses • The efficency of solar grid is upto 40%. • The main use of solar grid is that it is environment friendly and a renewable source. • Implementation: • In this mall, solar grids fixed on roof, generates electrical energy used for lightening • the mall. • Thus saving about $2,460 of electricity on a monthly basis.

1. H2 Fuel Cell Introduction • Production of electricity by thermal plants is not a very efficient method and is a major source of pollution. • Galvanic cells designed to convert the energy of combustion of fuels like hydrogen directly into electrical energy are called fuel cells. • Fuel cells are different from batteries in that they consume reactant from an external source, which must be replenished.

Working • Hydrogen and oxygen are bubbled through porous carbon electrodes into concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. • Catalysts like, finely divided platinum or palladium metals are incorporated into the electrodes for increasing the rate of electrode reactions. • Catalysis plays a very important role in Hydrogen oxygen fuel cell, separating the electrons and protons of the reactant fuel, and forcing the electrons to travel though a circuit, generating electrical power. • At the cathode, another catalytic process takes the electrons back in, combining them with the protons, which have traveled across the electrolyte and the oxidant to form waste products (like carbon dioxide and water). The electrode reactions of Hydrogen Oxygen fuel cell are given below: Reaction at Cathode:O2 (g) + 2H2O (l ) + 4e -  4OH-(aq) Reaction at Anode: 2H2 (g) + 4OH–(aq)  4H2O(l) + 4e– Overall reaction is: 2H2(g) + O2(g)  2H2O(l )

Efficiency & CO2 Emissions • Highly Efficient • Low Emissions

Applications of Fuel Cells • Fuel cells have the potential to slip into every kind of electronic device. A few applications could include: • Cars- as stated before, fuel cells the size of a printer could provide enough juice to power as well (if not better than) a combustion engine. Slightly larger units are already in place in several bus systems across the United States. The hydrogen for both forms of transportation may be provided through propane, methanol or natural gas. • Personal Devices (Laptops, cell phones, hearing aides) - fuel cells have the tremendous potential to get into every electronic device we come in contact with. Fuel cells offer the possibility of laptops and cell phones with energy life measured in days or weeks, rather than hours. The fuel cell is scalable, which means it can go small enough to power medical devices that normally require battery replacement. • Stationary Power Production and Backup- larger-scale fuel cells could allow every city to have its own power station, rather than a centralized power grid. Power generation could become so decentralized that each housing development or apartment complex could be self-sustained with its own power. This would drastically cut down on pollution and ugly power lines. Hospitals and airports could (some already do) have backup power supplies that kick in, in the event of a power failure.

Our Special Thanks toProf. VarshaPawarfor Concept , Encouragement and Help.

Green up Your Shopping Experience Green Shopping Malls