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This report discusses the prevalence of diabetes and its related complications in the MENA region, highlighting the importance of addressing the metabolic syndrome and obesity as risk factors. It also delves into the impact of diabetes on mortality rates and the correlation between retinopathy and the duration of diabetes.
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Diabetes as a Global Health Problem The IDF meets the Challenge By Prof. Morsi ArabIDF Chairman MENA Region
Reported Incidence of Type1 Diabetes at the MENA Region per 100.000 population under 15 yrs ( Diabetes Atlas 2006) • Afghanistan 1.2 • Algeria 8.6 • Bahrain 2.5 • Egypt 8.0 • Iran 3.7 • Iraq 3.7 • Jordan 3.2 • Kuwait 22.3 • Lebanon 3.2 • Libya 9.0 • Morocco 8.6 • Palestine 3.2 • Oman 2.5 • Pakistan 0.5 • Qatar 11.4 • Saudi Arabia 12.3 • Sudan 10.1 • Tunisia 7.3 • Emirates 2.5 • Yemen 2.5
ِAt The MENA Region Prevalence of Diabetesis 9.2 % (age 20 -79) Prevalence of IGT …….is 8.1 % 24.5 millions with Diabetes & 22.4 with IGT out of the top 10 highest diabetes prevalence rate countries 6 are MENA countries Estimated death due to DM as % of all deaths is 11.5% ( 11.1% in Europe and 11.8 % in MENA )
Diabetes Mortality World wide =3.2 millions die from complications associated with diabetes In the ME :( with high prev. of diab.) one in 4 deaths in adults 35-64 years is related to diabetes
The pyramidal structure of the Egyptian population > 60 -60 -50 - 40 -30 -20 -10
Age Group 10 20 30 40 50 60
Saini Eastern desert Western desert Nubia
DIABETES IS PART OF THE WIDER HEALTH PROBLEM : THE METABOLIC SYNDROME20-25 % of the world adult population have the metabolic syndrome ( MTS) , and these are : - 5 times at risk to develop diabetes type 2 - 3 times likely to have a heart attack or stroke - twice likely to die
“Obesity” is always involved , or associated with all elements of the Metabolic Syndrome : But Which type of Obesity ?
“ Abdominal Obesity “ as measured by waist circumference is more indicative of the Metabolic Syndrome profile than increased BMI
The new international Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition According to the new IDF definition , for a person to be defined as having the metabolic syndrome he/she must have : Central Obesity ( defined as waist circumference * with ethnicity specific values ) plus any two of the following four factors :
Diabetes Mellitus and its state of control and complications in the MENA Region
Fasting Hyperglycemia - Controlled (< 120 mg/dl ) = 19.8 % - Uncontrolled = 80.2 % ---------------------------------- Hyperglycemic 121-150 mg/dl = 15.6 % Marked hyperglycemia -200 = 31.3 % Severe hyperglycemia -220 = 12.5 % Very severe hyperglycemia > 220 = 20.8 %
Hyperglycemia Fasting 120 mg/dl
Post Prandial Hyperglycemia - Controlled < 160 mg/dl = 13.5 % - Accepted161-180 mg/dl = 7.9 %Total=21.4 % - Uncontrolled( >180 mg/dl ) = 78.6 % * Moderate -220 mg/dl = 17.4 % * Severe - 260 mg/dl = 16.0 % * Very Severe > 260 mg/dl = 45.2 %
Hyperglycemia 180 mg/dl
Diastolic Blood Pressure 80 mm Hg
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.50% 130 mm Hg
Lipid Control Serum Cholesterol 200 mg
Obesity as a Risk Factor for Hyperglycemia , Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia
Retinopathy (in 1173 patients )- Free68.9 %- Back ground22.6 %- Proliferative9.5 %
