1. MOTIVATION

2. DEFINITION • The willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organization goals, conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual need.

3. Motivation process

4. Motivation theories

5. Hierarchy of Needs theory- Abraham Maslow

6. Theory X, Theory Y- Douglas McGregor Assumption by Managers

7. Hygiene theory – Frederick Herzberz • Intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction, while extrinsic factors are associated with dissatisfaction

8. ERG theory – Clayton Alderer

9. Theory of Needs – David McClelland • Need for Achievement (Drive to excel, to achieve in relation to a set of standard, to strive to succeed) • Need for Power (The need to make others behave in a way they would not have behaved otherwise) • Need for affiliation (The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships)

10. Goal Setting Theory – Edwin Locke • Specific and difficult goals lead to higher performance • Goal commitment • Adequate self-efficacy (the individual’s belief that s/he is capable of performing a task • National culture

11. Equity Theory – J.Stacy Adams • Individuals compares their job inputs and outcomes with those of others and then respond so as to eliminate any inequities. • Ratio Comparisons Perceptions • o/IA < o/IB ------------------------------inequity due to being under rewarded • o/IA = o/IB ------------------------------equity • o/IA > o/IB-------------------------------inequity due to being over rewarded • *o/IA represents employee, o/IB represents colleagues • Self –inside: experiences a different position inside his/her current position • Self-outside: experiences in a situation or position outside his/her current organization • Other-inside: another individual or group of individuals inside the employees’ organization • Other-outside: another individual or group of individuals outside the employee’s organization

12. Thank You