Nano-safety in Thailand Dr.Sirasak Teparkum Deputy Executive Director

1. Nano-safety in Thailand Dr.Sirasak Teparkum Deputy Executive Director National Nanotechnology Center NSTDA

2. Outline • What’s Nanotechnology? • Dilemma of Nanotechnology • National Nanosafety & Ethics Strategic Plan(2555-2559) • Nano-labelling (NanoQ)

3. nm 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 100,000 นาโนเทคโนโลยี Microchip Virus Human hair Hydrogen DNA ATP synthase What’s Nanotechnology? “Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at the nanoscale, at dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications”. Encompassing nanoscale science, engineering, and technology, nanotechnology involves imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at this length scale. So how small is "nano"? A nanometer is one billionth of a meter. A sheet of paper is about 100,000 nanometers thick. And there are 25,400,000 nanometers in one inch. NNI: http://www.nano.gov/

4. NOW FUTURE Nanochips Handheld computer, watchphone Nanotechnology Nanocapsules Electronic transdermal drug delivery patch Nanofilms Flexible thin screen Nano is an enabling technology for the future 1 Trillion US$ of nanoproduct value is expected by 2015!!!

5. Dilemma of Nanotechnology Utopian dreams Apocalyptic nightmares

6. Factors Affecting Nanosafety 5SFactors involved in toxicity of nanomaterials • Size • Surface area • Surface chemistry • Solubility • Shape

7. Potential routes of nanomaterial exposure Inhalation: Lung Ingestion: Gastro-intestinal tract Dermal: Skin Parenteral: Blood circulation Local / systemic adverse effects

8. List of Manufactured Nanomaterials (15) Fullerenes (C60) Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) Silver nanoparticles Iron nanoparticles Carbon black Titanium dioxide Aluminium oxide Cerium oxide Zinc oxide Silicon dioxide Polystyrene Dendrimers Nanoclays Gold nanoparticles 8

9. Possible NanomaterialAdverse Effects

10. Possible NanomaterialAdverse Effects

11. Nano-products in Thailand…

12. Nano Nano-products in Thailand…

13. Nano-products in Thailand… “Pao Silver-nano (night formula)” claiming that it can eliminate bacteria upto 99% and makes clothes odor-free without sun dry.

14. Public Perception of NanoSafety • Past attempts to promote nanotechnological products • nano-fabric & apparel • nanosilver • nanocosmetics • Trailing edge of a nanohype peak • Awareness of nanosafety in • limited circles • Nanosilver-coated traditional Thai outfit promoted by the National Innovation Agency in honor of H.M. the King in April 2008 • Environment-friendly cloth bags coated with 90-300 nm TEFLON particles were • promoted in 2007

15. (Nano-)Safety Legal Infrastructure • The Hazardous Substance Act of 1992: พระราชบัญญัติวัตถุอันตราย พ.ศ. 2535 • A nanomaterial need to be assigned to one of 3 types • Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act of 1992: พระราชบัญญัติส่งเสริมคุณภาพสิ่งแวดล้อมแห่งชาติ พ.ศ.2535 • Setting pollution/emission standards; penalty for polluters • The Labour Protection Act of 1998: พระราชบัญญัติคุ้มครองแรงงาน พ.ศ. 2541 • OSHE Committee makes policy recommendations to Minister of Labor -> labor safety regulations

16. Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, MOI Department of Industrial Works, MOInd Department of Disease Control, MOPH Department of Medical Sciences, MOPH Food & Drug Administration, MOPH Pollution Control Department, MNRE Department of Labour Protection Thai Industry Standard Institute, MOInd The Thailand Research Fund (TRF) NANOTEC, NSTDA Chulalongkorn University (CU) Private Sector Federation of Thai Industries (FTI) People Sector National Health Commission Office of Thailand (NHC) - acting as a central facilitator NanoSafety Institutional Public Sector Infrastructure

17. Nanotechnology without good governance and safety guideline Public acceptance Year Trend of Nanotechnology Acceptance

18. Nanotechnology with good governance and safety guideline. Public acceptance Year Trend of Nanotechnology Acceptance Sustainable Development is the Key!

19. The Seven Principles of Nanosafety Code • Board accountability • Stakeholder involvement • Worker health & safety • Public health, safety & environmental risks • Wider social, environmental, health and ethical implications and impacts • Engaging with business partners • Transparency and disclosure www.responsiblenanocode.org.

20. Research Policy Standard NanoSafety Program

21. National Nanosafety & Ethics Strategic Plan Framework Knowledge Management Production Development Vision: Safe Nano Propels Thailand Sustainably Health Public Participation Establishment & Encouragement of Regulation & Standard Marketing Environment Security

22. Vision Safe Nano, Thailand towards Sustainable Development To create nanotechnology and nanomaterials’ R & D, production, distribution and usage which are ethical, sustainable and done with related parties’ involvement for health and environmental safety and national security. Objective Thailand has an effective management system of nanotechnology safety and ethics, with related sectors’ operating within 5 years. Thailand has an effective management system of nanotechnology safety and ethics, with related sectors’ operating within 5 years. Nanoproducts in Thailand’s market have labels demonstrating nanomaterials’ names and safety information based on scientific evidence. Nanoproducts in Thailand’s market have labels demonstrating nanomaterials’ names and safety information based on scientific evidence. The public has knowledge, understanding, and awareness of nanotechnology safety and risk and are able to select, store, and eliminate nanoproducts by themselves. The public has knowledge, understanding, and awareness of nanotechnology safety and risk and are able to select, store, and eliminate nanoproducts by themselves. 3 Key Performance Indicators Conduct and manage the information network Develop and strengthen measures as well as mechanisms of Strengthen and promote public 5 Measures 3 Strategies Engineering Enforcement Economics Education Empowerment Thailand has an effective management system of nanotechnology safety and ethics, with related sectors’ operating within 5 years. Nanoproducts in Thailand’s market have labels demonstrating nanomaterials’ names and safety information based on scientific evidence. The public has knowledge, understanding, and awareness of nanotechnology safety and risk and are able to select, store, and eliminate nanoproducts by themselves. Conduct and manage the information network Develop and strengthen measures as well as mechanisms of monitoring and enforcement Strengthen and promote public engagement

26. Nano-measurement & Nano-charaterization Service Lab • Capabilities • Physical & chemical testing: particle size and nano-particle distribution analysis (nanosizer/ Dynamic light scattering) • Structural surface analysis (AFM/STM/ E-SEM) • Biological testing: MTT toxicity assay, anti-bacterial testing (AATCC standard) • Nanoparticle preparations in powder and emulsion form. AFM TEM SEM

27. NANOTEC Testing Service Lab Equipment Scanning Tunneling Microscope Scanning Electron Microscope Transmission Electron Microscope High Pressure Homogenizer Atomic Force Microscope Antibacterial test Nanosizer

28. Nano Q Brand : …. Model : ….. • Nano Q is a certified mark for nano products which are certified by Nanotechnology Association of Thailand. • Motivation to Have Nano Q • Increase Public Trust :Facilitate healthy development of nanotecnology • Protect Consumer :Avoid waste money • Protect Good Companies : Eliminate unfair competitions between good and bad products • Facilitate Trade : Stimulate economic growth

29. Testing Scopes of Nano Q

30. Thank you for your attentions