Tempus

1. Tempus THE BOLOGNA PROCESS An overview in slides

2. Tempus Step 1: Sorbonne Declaration 1998 Step 2: Bologna Declaration 1999 Step 3: Prague Communiqué 2001 Step 4 : Berlin Communiqué 2003 A: the intergovernmental process

3. Tempus B: “From Berlin to Bergen” -The role of the European Commission in the Bologna Process

4. Tempus • Sorbonne Declaration 1998:”harmonisation of the architecture of the European Higher Education System” • Signed in May 1998 • the ministers in charge of higher education of France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Germany • Other European countries later subscribed to the Declaration. 

5. Tempus The Sorbonne Declarationfocused on: • a progressive convergence of the overall framework of degrees and cycles in an open European area for higher education • a common degree level system for undergraduates (Bachelor's degree) and graduates (Master's and doctoral degree) • enhancing and facilitating student and teacher mobility (students should spend at least one semester abroad); removing obstacles for mobility and improving recognition of degrees and academic qualifications

6. Tempus Bologna 1999  In June 1999, 29 European ministers in charge of higher education met in Bologna to lay the basis for establishing a European Higher Education Area by 2010 and promoting the European system of higher education world-wide.

7. Tempus Bologna 1999  • In the Bologna Declaration, the ministers affirmed their intention to: • adopt a system of easily readable and comparable degrees • adopt a system with two main cycles (undergraduate/graduate) • establish a system of credits (such as ECTS) • promote mobility by overcoming obstacles • promote European co-operation in quality assurance • promote European dimensions in higher education

8. Tempus Bologna 1999  And after….

9. Tempus Prague 2001  the ministers in charge of higher education of 33 European signatory countries met in Prague in May 2001 to follow up the Bologna Process and to set directions and priorities for the following years. In the Prague Communiqué the ministers reaffirmed their commitment to the objectives of the Bologna Declaration

10. Tempus Prague 2001  • Ministers emphasised as important elements of the European Higher Education Area: • lifelong learning • involvement of students • enhancing the attractiveness and competitiveness of the European Higher Education Area to other parts of the world (including the aspect of transnational education)

11. Tempus Prague 2001  And after…

12. Tempus Berlin 2003 • in Berlin in September 2003, Ministers defined three intermediate priorities for the next two years: • quality assurance • the two-cycle degree system • recognition of degrees and periods of studies. • In the Berlin Communiqué, specific goals were set for each of these action lines.  

13. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities I • Quality assurance • national quality assurance systems should include: • A definition of the responsibilities of the bodies and institutions involved • Evaluation of programmes or institutions, including internal assessment, external review, participation of students and the publication of results • A system of accreditation, certification or comparable procedures, international participation, co-operation and networking

14. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities I Ministers asked for the development of an overarching framework of qualifications for the European Higher Education Area. Within such frameworks, degrees should have different defined outcomes. First and second cycle degrees should have different orientations and various profiles in order to accommodate a diversity of individual, academic and labour market needs.

15. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities II Recognition of degrees and periods of studies Ministers underlined the importance of the Lisbon Recognition Convention, which should be ratified by all countries participating in the Bologna Process. Every student graduating as from 2005 should receive the Diploma Supplement automatically and free of charge.

16. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities III • The third cycle • beyond the present the two main cycles, two additional objectives: • to include the doctoral level as the third cycle in the Bologna Process • to promote closer links between the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) and the European Research Area (ERA). 

17. Tempus 10 Action Lines – based on Bologna, Prague & Berlin Bologna Declaration 1. Adoption of a system of easily readable and comparable degrees 2. Adoption of a system essentially based on two cycles 3. Establishment of a system of credits 4. Promotion of mobility 5. Promotion of European cooperation in quality assurance 6. Promotion of the European dimension in higher education

18. Tempus 10 Action Lines – based on Bologna, Prague & Berlin Prague Communiqué 7. Lifelong learning 8. Higher education institutions and students 9. Promoting the attractiveness of the European Higher Education

19. Tempus 10 Action Lines – based on Bologna, Prague & Berlin Berlin Communiqué 10. European Higher Education Area and European Research Area – two pillars of the knowledge based society.

20. Tempus B: “From Berlin to Bergen” -The role of the European Commission in the Bologna Process

21. Tempus B: “From Berlin to Bergen” - • The Bologna process coincides with Commission policy in higher education supported through European programmes and notably Socrates-Erasmus. • The Commission participates as a full member in the Bologna Follow-up Group and the Bologna Board. • Lisbon agenda in March 2000, to make Europe by 2010 "the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world, capableof sustainable economic growth with more and better jobs and greater social cohesion".

22. Tempus B: “From Berlin to Bergen” - • In Barcelona, in March 2002, the European education and training systems should become a “world quality reference”.link the Bologna Process with the Copenhagen process on enhanced European co-operation in Vocational Education and Training,

23. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities I: quality insurance • The Commission will support and contribute to the realisation of this Mandate given by Ministers to ENQA. • Early 2004, the Commission will present a Report on the implementation of the Council Recommendation of September 1998 on European co-operation in quality assurance in higher education.

24. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities II: Recognition of degrees and periods of studies • Berlin Communiqué: • the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) facilitates student mobility and international curriculum development. • ECTS is increasingly becoming a generalised basis for the national credit systems. • the ECTS should become not only a transfer but also an accumulation system • every student graduating as from 2005 should receive the Diploma Supplement automatically and free of charge.

25. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities II: Recognition of degrees and periods of studies • 1. ECTS • Institutions wishing to introduce ECTS for the first time may apply for an ECTS Introduction Grant. • Institutions which use ECTS may apply for the ECTS label. • Label holding institutions (only a few in 2004) may apply for an “ECTS for Lifelong Learning Grant”. They will form a fast growing Pilot Group, testing the use of "ECTS for Lifelong Learning". • In 2004, the Commission will restyle the ECTS Users Guide on the web.

26. Tempus 2. Diploma Supplement • In parallel to ECTS , the Commission promotes the Diploma Supplement. • Higher Education institutions may apply for a Diploma Supplement label. By the end of 2003, the Commission has come forward with a proposal to integrate different transparency instruments developed for vocational training and bring them together into a single European Framework for Transparency of Qualifications and Competences, called EUROPASS, which will include the Diploma Supplement, used in higher education.

27. Tempus NARIC Network • The Commission continues to support the NARIC network of credential evaluators • The Commission will support measures to enhance the visibility and effectiveness of the centres and welcomes in particular the cooperation between ENIC/NARIC and ENQA, exploring the links between recognition and quality assurance.

28. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities III: The third cycle • Berlin Communiqué: • Member States are to elaborate a framework of comparable and compatible encouraged qualifications for their higher education systems • Ministers to elaborate an overarching framework of qualifications for the European Higher Area."

29. Tempus Berlin Intermediate priorities III: The third cycle • The Commission supports initiatives enhancing the comparability and compatibility of qualifications and notably the university project "Tuning Educational Structures in Europe" • The Commission supported the Copenhagen Bologna Seminar on Qualification Structures in March 2003 and will support in 2004 an initiative to design an overarching framework of qualifications for the European Higher Area against which national frameworks would articulate. • the Commission will encourage the development of a European Qualifications Framework for Lifelong learning.

30. Tempus Call for Proposals for Europe-wide Participation Projects contributing to the Realisation of the European Higher Education Area (Bologna Process) – 2004 Under this Call, the Commission will support a number of 27 projects in the following Bologna related fields:

31. Tempus • A new Pilot Project, carried out by university networks, introducing internal quality assurance mechanisms (quality culture) in universities and other higher education institutions • A Pilot Project, carried out by quality assurance or accreditation agencies, evaluating joint or double degrees, delivered in partnership across Europe • Developing European Cooperation in Accreditation in certain disciplines/professional fields of study • The design of an overarching Qualifications Framework for the European Higher Education Area[1]

32. Tempus • A Pilot Project coordinating the development of ECTS for Lifelong Learning by some 10 higher education institutions in possession of the "ECTS Label" and the Socrates "ECTS for LLL Grant". The Pilot Project is expected to grow to 100 label holding institutions by March 2005. • Projects for the benefit of ENIC recognition information centres in Tempus countries (NARIC counterparts) • Widening the participation in existing Bologna related projects to countries, not participating in the Socrates programme

33. Tempus • A Project to coordinate and inform National Teams of Bologna Promoters, being created in all 40 Bologna Signatory States and 6 potential Bologna Signatory States in Tempus-Tacis, at the initiative of national public authorities, in consultation with the higher education sector of the country concerned. • Support to the creation of National Teams of Bologna Promoters in the Tempus-Cards (5) and Tempus-Tacis Bologna Signatory States (1) and potential Bologna Signatory States in Tempus-Tacis (6). • Organisation of Bologna Seminars and Conferences, dealing with the main action lines of the Bologna process, gathering participants from all 40 Bologna Signatory States as well as observers from neighbouring countries and other continents.