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第一章 简 · 奥斯丁. 一、奥斯丁生平与创作简介 二、代表作 《 傲慢与偏见 》 1、基本情节 2、人物形象 3 、女性意识及婚姻经济学 三、奥斯丁的女性观与爱情观. 一个乡村中的三、四户人家是合适的写作对象。我的作品好比是一件二英寸大小的象牙雕刻品。 我不能写一部传奇,正如我不能够写一部史诗,我决不能坐下来写一部严肃的传奇 ………… 我只能坚持自己的风格,就象我自己的老样子干下去。 —— 奥斯丁.
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第一章 简·奥斯丁 • 一、奥斯丁生平与创作简介 • 二、代表作《傲慢与偏见》 • 1、基本情节 • 2、人物形象 • 3、女性意识及婚姻经济学 • 三、奥斯丁的女性观与爱情观
一个乡村中的三、四户人家是合适的写作对象。我的作品好比是一件二英寸大小的象牙雕刻品。一个乡村中的三、四户人家是合适的写作对象。我的作品好比是一件二英寸大小的象牙雕刻品。 • 我不能写一部传奇,正如我不能够写一部史诗,我决不能坐下来写一部严肃的传奇…………我只能坚持自己的风格,就象我自己的老样子干下去。 • ——奥斯丁
她以十分逼真的手法刻画了一些普普通通的、而非出类拔萃的人,他们通过极其普通的谈话和行为举止把自己完全而一致地呈现出来。简•奥斯丁的沉静和自制,以及绝妙地用平静的言辞去表达她绝妙的内容,这些特点,较之于那些热情洋溢、言辞滔滔不绝的伟大作家,同样显示她的创作天才。她以十分逼真的手法刻画了一些普普通通的、而非出类拔萃的人,他们通过极其普通的谈话和行为举止把自己完全而一致地呈现出来。简•奥斯丁的沉静和自制,以及绝妙地用平静的言辞去表达她绝妙的内容,这些特点,较之于那些热情洋溢、言辞滔滔不绝的伟大作家,同样显示她的创作天才。 ——《剑桥英国文学史》
一、作家简介 • 简•奥斯丁生于英格兰汉普郡的斯蒂文顿。她父亲毕业于牛津大学,是当地的主管牧师,平时喜欢读书。简有5个兄弟一个姐姐。其中两个兄弟在英国海军服役,长兄对英国文学很有造诣,简的文学兴趣得力于他的帮助。
她所受的教育很少,全靠父兄指导和自学她特别推崇诗人克拉伯(1755——1832),因为克拉伯的作品较少传奇色彩,比较真实地描写了当时的平凡的、特别是英国农村的生活,对她的创作产生了极大的影响。她所受的教育很少,全靠父兄指导和自学她特别推崇诗人克拉伯(1755——1832),因为克拉伯的作品较少传奇色彩,比较真实地描写了当时的平凡的、特别是英国农村的生活,对她的创作产生了极大的影响。
奥斯丁的恋情 • 先前广为人们所接受的说法是,奥斯丁家邻居的侄子,后来成为爱尔兰最高法院首席法官的汤姆·勒弗罗伊是奥斯汀一生至爱。但是新书《简·奥斯丁:没有报答的爱》称,比克纳尔是比勒弗罗伊重要得多的奥斯丁恋人。
尽管奥斯丁似乎是因为姐姐的背叛与幸福婚姻擦肩而过,但是新书作者安德鲁·诺曼认为,即便没有姐姐的破坏,结局可能依然如此,原因是奥斯丁浪漫、挑剔、不肯妥协的性格。尽管奥斯丁似乎是因为姐姐的背叛与幸福婚姻擦肩而过,但是新书作者安德鲁·诺曼认为,即便没有姐姐的破坏,结局可能依然如此,原因是奥斯丁浪漫、挑剔、不肯妥协的性格。 • 新书《简·奥斯丁:没有报答的爱》
一、《傲慢与偏见》人物形象分析 • 这是作者最心爱的女主人公。奥斯丁曾说:“我承认,她是出现在文学中的最可爱的人物,谁要是不喜欢她,我可不答应。”
1、聪明、活泼、大方 • 伊莉莎白的父亲曾在第一章说:“我可以写封信给你带去,就说他随便挑中了我哪个女儿,我都心甘情愿地答应他把她娶过去;不过,我在信上得特别为我的小丽萃吹嘘几句。”
‘You are over scrupulous surely. I dare say Mr. Bingley will be very glad to see you; and I will send a few lines by you to assure him of my hearty consent to his marrying which ever he chuses of the girls; though I must throw in a good word for my little Lizzy.’P2
“你实在过分心思啦。彬格莱先生一定高兴看到你的;我可以写封信给你带去,就说随便他挑中我哪一个女儿,我都心甘情愿地答应他把她娶过去;不过,我在信上得特别替小丽萃吹嘘几句。”“你实在过分心思啦。彬格莱先生一定高兴看到你的;我可以写封信给你带去,就说随便他挑中我哪一个女儿,我都心甘情愿地答应他把她娶过去;不过,我在信上得特别替小丽萃吹嘘几句。”
I desire you will do no such thing. Lizzy is not a bit better than the others; and I am sure she is not half so handsome as Jane, nor half so good humoured as Lydia. But you are always giving her the preference.’
“我希望你别这么做。丽萃没有一点儿地方胜过别的几个女儿;我敢说,论漂亮,她抵不上吉英一半;论性子,好抵不上丽迪雅一半。你可老是偏爱她。”“我希望你别这么做。丽萃没有一点儿地方胜过别的几个女儿;我敢说,论漂亮,她抵不上吉英一半;论性子,好抵不上丽迪雅一半。你可老是偏爱她。”
‘They have none of them much to recommend them,’ replied he; • they are all silly and ignorant like other girls; but Lizzy has something more of quickness than her sisters.’
“她们没有哪一个值得夸奖的,他回答道;“他们跟人家的姑娘一样,又傻,又无知;倒是丽萃要比她的几个姐妹伶俐些。”“她们没有哪一个值得夸奖的,他回答道;“他们跟人家的姑娘一样,又傻,又无知;倒是丽萃要比她的几个姐妹伶俐些。”
‘Mr. Bennet, how can you abuse your own children in such a way? You take delight in vexing me. You have no compassion on my poor nerves.’
“我的好老爷,你怎么舍得这样糟蹋自己的新生亲生女儿?你是在故意叫我气恼,好让你自己得意吧。你半点儿也不体谅我的神经衰弱。”“我的好老爷,你怎么舍得这样糟蹋自己的新生亲生女儿?你是在故意叫我气恼,好让你自己得意吧。你半点儿也不体谅我的神经衰弱。”
‘You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. • They are my old friends. I have heard you mention them with consideration these twenty years at least.’
“你真错怪了我,我的好太太。我非常尊重你的神经。它们是我的老朋友。至少在最近二十年以来,我一直听道你慎重其事地提到它们。”“你真错怪了我,我的好太太。我非常尊重你的神经。它们是我的老朋友。至少在最近二十年以来,我一直听道你慎重其事地提到它们。”
2、机智、幽默,谈锋甚健、思维敏捷 • 在柯林斯的迂腐可笑,彬格莱小姐的尖刻无礼、达西的狂妄自负面前,她应对自如。对柯林斯的装腔作势和趋炎附势进行揶揄讽刺;对彬格莱小姐的自以为是迅速反击;对达西则以其人之道还治其人之身,反唇相讥。
‘Come, Darcy,’ said he, ‘I must have you dance. I hate to see you • standing about by yourself in this stupid manner. You had much • better dance.’(p7)
‘I certainly shall not. You know how I detest it, unless I am particularly acquainted with my partner. At such an assembly as this, it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room, whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with.’
‘I would not be so fastidious as you are,’ cried Bingley, ‘for a kingdom! Upon my honour, I never met with so many pleasant girls in my life, as I have this evening; and there are several of them you see uncommonly pretty.’p7
‘You are dancing with the only handsome girl in the room,’ said Mr. Darcy, looking at the eldest Miss Bennet.‘Oh! she is the most beautiful creature I ever beheld! But there • is one of her sisters sitting down just behind you, who is very pretty, and I dare say, very agreeable. Do let me ask my partner to • introduce you.’
‘Which do you mean?’ and turning round, he looked for a moment at Elizabeth, till catching her eye, he withdrew his own and coldly said, ‘She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me; and I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men. You had better • return to your partner and enjoy her smiles, for you are wasting your time with me.’
他转过身来,朝着伊丽莎白望了一会儿,等他也看见了她,他才收回自己的目光,冷冷地说:“她还可以,但还没有漂亮到打动我的心。他转过身来,朝着伊丽莎白望了一会儿,等他也看见了她,他才收回自己的目光,冷冷地说:“她还可以,但还没有漂亮到打动我的心。
眼前我可没有兴趣去抬举那些受别人冷眼看待的小姐。你还是回到你的舞伴身边去欣赏她的笑脸吧,犯不着把时间浪费在我身上。”(P7)(英p13)眼前我可没有兴趣去抬举那些受别人冷眼看待的小姐。你还是回到你的舞伴身边去欣赏她的笑脸吧,犯不着把时间浪费在我身上。”(P7)(英p13)
威廉·卢卡斯的舞会 • ‘Do you not think it would be a proper compliment to the palace?’ • ‘It is a compliment which I never pay to any place if I can avoid • it.’_p17w
‘You excel so much in the dance, Miss Eliza, that it is cruel to deny me the happiness of seeing you; and though this gentleman • dislikes the amusement in general, he can have no objection, I am sure, to oblige us for one half hour.’ • ‘Mr. Darcy is all politeness,’ said Elizabeth, smiling.
‘He is indeed—but considering the inducement, my dear Miss Eliza, we cannot wonder at his complaisance; for who would object to such a partner?’ • Elizabeth looked archly, and turned away.
“伊丽莎白小姐,你跳舞跳得那么高明,可是却不肯让我享享眼福,看你跳一场,这未免太说不过去了吧。再说,这位先生虽说平常并不喜欢这种娱乐,可是要他赏我们半个钟头的脸,我相信他也不会不肯的。”(卢卡斯爵士p17-25)“伊丽莎白小姐,你跳舞跳得那么高明,可是却不肯让我享享眼福,看你跳一场,这未免太说不过去了吧。再说,这位先生虽说平常并不喜欢这种娱乐,可是要他赏我们半个钟头的脸,我相信他也不会不肯的。”(卢卡斯爵士p17-25)
伊丽莎白笑着说:“达西先生未免太客气了。”伊丽莎白笑着说:“达西先生未免太客气了。” • “他真的太客气了——可是,亲爱的伊丽莎白小姐,看他这样求你,你总不会怪他多礼吧。谁不想要象你这样的一个舞伴?” • 伊丽莎白笑盈盈地瞟了一眼就转身走了。英语原著24-25
3、人格尊严,精神上的优越感,有主见、有“理性”3、人格尊严,精神上的优越感,有主见、有“理性” • 第十八章尼日斐花园的舞会 • 当跳舞会重新开始,达西又走到她跟前来的时候,夏绿蒂禁不住跟她咬了咬耳朵,提醒她别作傻瓜,别为了对韦翰有好感,就宁可得罪一个比韦翰的身价高十倍的人。
Almost as soon as I entered the house I singled you out as the companion of my future life. But before I am run away with by my feelings on this subject, perhaps it will be advisable for me to state my reasons for marrying and moreover for coming into Hertfordshire with the design of selecting a wife, as I certainly did.’p75-76
‘My reasons for marrying are, first, that I think it a right thing for every clergyman in easy circumstances (like myself) to set the example of matrimony in his parish. Secondly, that I am convinced it will add very greatly to my happiness; p75w
and thirdly—which perhaps I ought to have mentioned earlier, that it is the particular advice and recommendation of the very noble lady whom I have the honour of calling patroness.
第十九章柯林斯的求婚 • “我差不多一进这屋子,就挑中了你做我的终身伴侣。不过关于这个问题,也许最好趁我现在还控制得住我的感情的时候,先谈谈我要结婚的理由。……” • “我所以要结婚,有这样几点理由:第一,我认为凡是象我这样生活宽裕的牧师,理当给全区一个结婚的好榜样;其次,我深信结婚会大大促进我的幸福;
第三,(这一点或许我应该早点提出来),我三生有幸,能够伺候上这样一位高贵的女施主,她特别地劝告我结婚,特别赞成我结婚。……你名下应得的财产,一共不过是一笔年息4厘的一千磅存款,还得等你妈死后才归你所得。因此关于那个问题,我也一声不响,而且请你放心,我们结婚以后,我决不会说一句小气话。”第三,(这一点或许我应该早点提出来),我三生有幸,能够伺候上这样一位高贵的女施主,她特别地劝告我结婚,特别赞成我结婚。……你名下应得的财产,一共不过是一笔年息4厘的一千磅存款,还得等你妈死后才归你所得。因此关于那个问题,我也一声不响,而且请你放心,我们结婚以后,我决不会说一句小气话。”
‘You are too hasty, Sir,’ she cried. ‘You forget that I have made no answer. Let me do it without farther loss of time. Accept my thanks for the compliment you are paying me. I am very sensible of the honour of your proposals, but it is impossible for me to do otherwise than decline them.’