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Chapter. 2. Basic House Designs. Objectives. Identify four basic house designs. Explain the advantages of each house design. Recognize the disadvantages of each house design. Explain the variations of split-level designs. Introduction. Four basic home designs: One-story
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Chapter 2 Basic House Designs
Objectives • Identify four basic house designs. • Explain the advantages of each house design. • Recognize the disadvantages of each house design. • Explain the variations of split-level designs.
Introduction • Four basic home designs: • One-story • One-and-one-half-story • Two-story • Split-level • Each style has strengths and weaknesses
Introduction • Factors that play a role in choosing basic design: • Site requirements • Climate • Environmental impact • Surroundings • Client’s personal preference, budget, and needs
One-Story Designs • All living space on one level • Built on a full basement, crawl space, or slab construction
One-Story Designs • Advantages: • Living space on one level • In houses with no basement, no stairs • Lends itself to expansion and remodeling • Short walls allow for easy exterior maintenance • Provides opportunities for indoor-outdoor living
One-Story Designs • Outdoor space enhances living area of home and allows for casual entertaining.
One-Story Designs • Disadvantages • Building costs per squarefoot usually higher than other designs • House has a larger footprint than other designs, requiring a larger lot • More hallway space required to access rooms • Longer distances from HVAC systems may make heating and cooling difficult
One-Story Designs • Styles • Ranch has low-pitched roof, wide overhangs • Shotgunhouse has long rectangular floor plan with rooms in line with and directly connected from front to back of house
Architecture Green • Containerized housing • Made from intermodal steel building units (ISBU) that create their own protective layer of rust • Exteriors can be covered with more traditional finishes such as stucco or siding • Each container is structurally independent but the units fit together for construction • Containers are “green” because they are made of sustainable and reusable materials
One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • One-story with tall, wide roof to allow expansion into attic • Identifying features include dormer, windows and vents in gables, and angular second–level ceilings • Amount of habitablespace in attic determined by width and height of house
One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • The traditional Cape Cod is the most recognizable one-and-one-half story style.
One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • Advantages: • Smaller footprint than one-story with same square footage • Design is adaptable • Attic can be finished later, deferring cost of expansion
One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • Disadvantages: • Additional building costs result from dormers, stairs, and complicated roof • Stairs decrease accessibility • Low ceilings and limited window space on second level • Building height makes outside maintenance difficult
Two-Story Designs • Two full levels of living space • Smaller footprint with same square footage as a one- or one-and-one-half story design • Electrical, plumbing, heating, and cooling components shared between levels • Air space in attic eases heating and cooling costs • Adaptable to many architectural styles
Two-Story Designs • Exterior maintenance is challenging and costly • Stairs decrease accessibility for some people
Split-Level Designs • Multiple levels • Developed for sloping or hilly lots • Merges architecture with land to be visually pleasing and balanced • Separates sleeping, living, and recreation areas on different levels • Little or no hall space needed
Split-Level Designs • Disadvantages: • Heating and cooling design is critical; zoned systems solve problems • Accessibility to all levels is hindered by stairs; installing stair lifts or elevators is cost prohibitive
Split-Level Designs • Four-level split design levels include a basement, intermediatelevel, livinglevel, and sleepinglevel • Alternatives to regular basement are daylightbasement and walkoutbasement • Three-level split design does not have basement level
Split-Entry Designs • Two levels separated by entrance stairway • Essentially a one-story house with a raised basement • Also called bi-level or raised ranch
Split-Level Layouts • Side-by-side • For lots sloping from one side to the other • Front-to-back • For lots high in front and low in back • Back-to-front • For lots low in front and high in back